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NUR 265 Exam 1 Review 50 Questions and100% Correct Answers Latest 2025/2026 Update - Galen College of Nursing

HEAL100 Health Care — exam and revision material · Other

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Health Care exam material, 15 pages. Originally published on StudyMerit.

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15
Academic year
2025/2026
Language
English

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NUR 265 1 | P a g e NUR 265 Exam 1 Questions and Answers Graded A+ 2026 What is nephrotic syndrome? A condition of increased glomerular permeability that allows larger molecules to pass through the membrane into the urine and then be excreted. What are key features of nephrotic syndrome? - Massive proteinuria - Hypoalbuminemia - Edema (facial and periorbital) - Lipiduria - Hyperlipidemia - Increased coagulation - Reduced kidney function In nephrotic syndrome, severe protein loss in the urine is greater than what? 3.5g in 24 hours What is nephrotic syndrome treated with? - immunosuppressant agents (if immunity based). - ACE inhibitors (decreased protein loss in urine) - statins (improve blood lipid levels). - Heparin (used to treat vascular effects and improve kidney function) Describe the "risk" stage for AKI creatinine x 1.5 of normal, and GFR reduced by 25% Describe the "injury" stage for AKI creatinine x2 & GFR reduced by 50% Describe the "failure" stage for AKI creatinine x3 normal, & GFR reduced by 75% (Cant fix) Describe Prerenal AKI. Give examples. messages.downloaded_by lOMoARcPSD|6879242

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NUR 265 2 | P a g e Decreased perfusion to kidneys. - NSAIDs - Severe dehydration - Renal artery stenosis - MI or HF resulting in low ejection fraction and low cardiac output - Blood/ fluid loss Describe Intrarenal AKI. Give examples. Tissue damage to the actual kidneys. - Glomerulonephritis or inflammation of the glomeruli - Sepsis - Intrarenal bleeding - Pyelonephritis Describe Postrenal AKI. Give examples. Obstruction that occurs after the kidney. - Enlarged prostate (BPH) - Bladder Cancer - Kidney stones How do you determine the mean arterial pressure (MAP)? Systolic + (Diastolic*2) /3 What is the MAP needed to perfuse the kidneys? 65 mmHg What are examples of nephrotoxic drugs? - NSAIDS - Metformin - Diuretics - Antibiotics (especially - mycin) - Contrast dye During the diuretic phase of AKI, what needs to be monitored? Watch for dehydration and make sure output is greater than input messages.downloaded_by lOMoARcPSD|6879242

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NUR 265 3 | P a g e What are the dietary restrictions for an AKI patient? - Low protein - Low sodium - Fluid restriction: 1000 - 1500mL day (for anything except perfusion problem) What are the 2 most common causes of CKD? - HTN - Uncontrolled diabetes What is azotemia? Nitrogenous waste build up What are manifestations of uremia? •Metallic taste in mouth •Anorexia •Nausea/vomiting •Muscle cramps •Uremic frost on skin •Itching •Fatigue and lethargy •Hiccups •Edema •Dyspnea •Paresthesia's What effects can CKD have on the cardiac system - HTN - Heart failure (major problem. Call the doctor) - Pericarditis What effects can CKD have on the Integumentary system - Uremic frost What are the dietary restrictions on CKD? - Protein (restrict early in disease process to preserve kidney function) - Potassium messages.downloaded_by lOMoARcPSD|6879242

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