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NUR 172 Final Exam Hondros With Complete Solution Potassium level - ANSWER 3.5-5.0 Sodium - ANSWER 135-145 Calcium - ANSWER 4.5-5.5 Magnesium - ANSWER 1.5-2.5 Phosphorous - ANSWER 2.5-4.5 BUN - ANSWER 10-20 Creatinine - ANSWER 0.5-1 Platelets - ANSWER 150k-400k Bigger number gauge - ANSWER = smaller needle size Macro - ANSWER 10-20 qt/ml Micro - ANSWER 60 qt/ml Scope of practice - ANSWER • Infuse/maintain solutions with NO meds except for antibiotics • 18 years old and older • Only in sert in the antecubital space, hands, and forearm IV Stopcocks - ANSWER • 4 way intersection used when IV fluids are compatible • One or both lines can run into the patient, either alone or combined • Controls the direction of flow of an infusate • High co ntamination chances Benefits of IV pump for patient - ANSWER • Patient can move easily • Give multiple meds at once with multi -channels • Alarms when finished
• DRAWBACK: needs plugged in sometimes Pump alarms "non-functional" - ANSWER DON'T USE! Tag and send to biomedical IV piggyback of antibiotics - ANSWER Use secondary tubing: 30-36 inches • Primary bag hangs lower • Secondary bag hangs higher Biopatch - ANSWER • Blue to the sky • Absorbs bacteria S/S of pulmonary edema - ANSWER • Cough • Dyspnea • Restlessness • Crackles IV source of infection - ANSWER Opening in skin • Access points • Goes into blood stream Infiltration - ANSWER Cool, taunt skin and edema at site Suspect blood stream infection - ANSWER • Report S/S to doctor • Anticipate culture ( SAVE IV CATH) • Antibiotics, fluids, oxygen Red, swollen, and warm skin - ANSWER • Stop infusion • Remove IV • Save IV Phlebitis - ANSWER Red, raised rope-feeling veins MRSA precautions - ANSWER Gloves and gown What to chart when infiltration occurs - ANSWER Assessment of site • Date and time
• Notified physician • Treatment ordered • What you did • How patient tolerated it Hematoma - ANSWER Ice, Elevate, Pressure Best practice for IVs - ANSWER Use alcohol caps Sending patient home with a PICC. What should the nurse teach? - ANSWER Report s/s of infection (redness, swelling, drainage, fever, etc) Patient has bloody tinged sputum - ANSWER Pulmonary edema IV fluids an LPN can administer - ANSWER D5W, D5/LR, D5/NS, NS, LR, 0.45% NaCl, 0.2% NaCl, Antibiotics Change tubing - ANSWER • Primary - 96 hours • Secondary - 24 hours • Change tubing with every blood transfusion Factors affecting size of IV catheter used - ANSWER • Type of solution ordered • Condition of vein • Length of time S/S of Septicemia - ANSWER • T achycardia • Change in mental status • Hypotension • Increased lactate levels Patient is receiving antibiotics and becomes SOB. FLUID OVERLOAD - ANSWER • Slow IV rate Solution used for treatment of burns - ANSWER • Lactated ringers Solution used for hypervolemia - ANSWER • Dextrose 5% with 0.9% NaCl Solution used for trauma and blood loss - ANSWER • 0.9% NaCl
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