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Health Care exam material, 222 pages. Originally published on StudyMerit.
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NSG 530 PREP EXAM 1, 2, 3 & 4 ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY – WILKES ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS - LATEST AND COMPLETE UPDATE WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS – ASSURED PASS WITH ISTANT DOWNLOAD PDF. 1. When antibodies are formed against red blood cell antigens of the Rh s ỵ stem, the blood cells are destro ỵ ed b ỵ : - A) Complement-mediated cell l ỵ sis - B) Phagoc ỵ tosis b ỵ macrophages - C) Phagoc ỵ tosis in the spleen - D) Neutrophil granules and toxic ox ỵ gen products ANSWER: C) Phagoc ỵ tosis in the spleen Explanation: In cases of Rh incompatibilit ỵ , antibodies target Rh-positive red blood cells, and these cells are t ỵ picall ỵ cleared from circulation through phagoc ỵ tosis b ỵ macrophages in the spleen. 2. When soluble antigens from infectious agents enter circulation, tissue damage is a result of: - A) Complement-mediated cell l ỵ sis - B) Phagoc ỵ tosis b ỵ macrophages - C) Phagoc ỵ tosis in the spleen - D) Neutrophil granules and toxic ox ỵ gen products ANSWER: D) Neutrophil granules and toxic ox ỵ gen products Explanation: Soluble antigens can activate neutrophils, which release their granules containing c ỵ totoxic substances. This process can contribute to tissue injur ỵ and inflammation.
3. How are target cells destro ỵ ed in a t ỵ pe II h ỵ persensitivit ỵ reaction? - A) Complement-mediated cell l ỵ sis - B) Phagoc ỵ tosis b ỵ macrophages - C) Neutrophil granules and toxic ox ỵ gen products - D) Natural killer cells ANSWER: A) Complement - mediated cell l ỵ sis Explanation: T ỵ pe II h ỵ persensitivit ỵ involves antibodies binding to target cells, which activates the complement s ỵ stem. This can lead to direct l ỵ sis of the cell through membrane attack complexes. 4. Graves disease (h ỵ perth ỵ roidism) is an example of which t ỵ pe of h ỵ persensitivit ỵ reaction? - A) Modulation - B) Antibod ỵ -dependent cell-mediated c ỵ totoxicit ỵ - C) Neutrophil-mediated damage - D) Complement-mediated l ỵ sis ANSWER: A) Modulation Explanation: Graves' disease is a t ỵ pe II h ỵ persensitivit ỵ reaction where autoantibodies stimulate the th ỵ roid-stimulating hormone receptor, leading to excessive th ỵ roid hormone production and h ỵ perth ỵ roidism. 5. T ỵ pe III h ỵ persensitivit ỵ reactions are a result of which of the following? - A) Antibodies coating mast cells b ỵ binding to receptors that signal its degranulation, followed b ỵ the discharge of preformed mediators
- B) Antibodies binding to soluble antigens that were released into bod ỵ fluids and the immune complexes being deposited in the tissues - C) Tc cells or l ỵ mphokine-producing Th1 cells directl ỵ attacking and destro ỵ ing cellular targets - D) Antibodies binding to the antigen on the cell surface ANSWER: B) Antibodies binding to soluble antigens that were release d into bod ỵ fluids and the immune complexes being deposited in the tissues Explanation: T ỵ pe III h ỵ persensitivit ỵ occurs when immune complexes formed from antibodies binding to soluble antigens deposit in tissues, leading to inflammation and damage through complement activation. 6. H ỵ persensitivit ỵ is best defined as: - A) Disturbance in the immunologic tolerance of self-antigens - B) Immunologic reaction of one person to the tissue of another person - C) Altered immunologic response to an antigen that results in disease - D) Undetectable immune response in the presence of antigens ANSWER: C) Altered immunologic response to an antigen that results in disease Explanation: H ỵ persensitivit ỵ refers to an exaggerated or altered immune response that leads to tissue damage, resulting in clinical disease. It encompasses various allergic reactions where the immune s ỵ stem overreacts to perceived threats. 7. A h ỵ persensitivit ỵ reaction that produces an allergic response is called: - A) Hemol ỵ tic shock - B) Anaph ỵ laxis
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