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Nsg 527 final exam with complete solutions

HEAL100 Health Care — exam and revision material · Other

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Health Care exam material, 18 pages. Originally published on StudyMerit.

Pages
18
Academic year
2025/2026
Language
English

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NSG 527 Final Exam with Complete Solutions Acetylcholine - ANSWER - involved in voluntary movement, learning, memory, and sleep? acetylcholine - ANSWER - Too much ___?_____is associated with depression, and too little in the hippocampus has been associated with dementia. Dopamine - ANSWER - correlated with movement, attention, and learning? Dopamine - ANSWER - Too much__________?has been associated with schizophrenia, and too little_________? is associated with some forms of depression as well as the muscular rigidity and tremors found in Parkinson's disease. Norepinephrine - ANSWER - associated with eating, alertness? Norepinephrine - ANSWER - Too little _______? has been associated with depression, while an excess has been associated with schizophrenia. Epinep hrine - ANSWER - involved in energy, and glucose metabolism? Serotonin - ANSWER - plays a role in mood, sleep, appetite, and impulsive and aggressive behavior? serotonin - ANSWER - Too little_______? is associated with depression and some anxiety disorders, es pecially obsessive - compulsive disorder. Some antidepressant medications increase the availability of _________? at the receptor sites GABA - ANSWER - inhibits excitation and anxiety? GABA - ANSWER - Too little ______?is associated with anxiety and anxiety di sorders. Some antianxiety medication increases _____?at the receptor sites. Endorphins - ANSWER - involved in pain relief and feelings of pleasure and contentedness? Frontal Lobe - ANSWER - • Executive functioning and personality • Maintain and focus attention • Organize thinking, planning, speech, and motor activities • Weigh consequences • Set goals • Modulate emotions • Integrate ideas, emotions, and perceptions • Shapes personality? Parietal lobe - ANSWER - • Body sensations

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• Motor activities, attention and perception of spatial relations • Processes sensory impulses from the thalamus • Maintains focused attention • Registers acts of aggression • Wernicke's area located in the left temporoparietal junction is responsible for the comprehension of speech?? Temporal lobe - ANSWER - • Emotion and memory circuits • Hearing, learning, memory circuits, sexual identity, and processing of auditory stimuli • Gives emotional tone to memories • Is involved in making moral judgments Occipital lobe - ANSWER - • Vision • Visual memory • Reading • language formation • reception of vestibular, acoustic, and tactile stimuli Cerebrum - ANSWER - • Functions as an auxiliary structure for the entire cerebral cortex • Posture and balance in walking • Sequential movements required in eating and writing • Control speed and acceleration of movement • Involved in smooth eye movement • Cognition and language • Memory and impulse control Brainstem (Medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain) - ANSWER - • Medulla oblongata - regulation of blood pressure, respiration, and digestion. Reflex center for vomiting coughing, sneezing, swallowing, and hiccupping. • Pons - Relays information from the cerebral hemisphere to the cerebellum • Midbrain - control many sensory and motor functions includi ng eye movement Locus ceruleus - ANSWER - • Produces norepinephrine • Activity maintains arousal • Inactivity allows sleep Dorsal raphe - ANSWER - • Produces serotonin • Control sleep wake cycle Reticular activating system (RAS) - ANSWER - • Involved in arous al and sleep - the "toggle switch" • Switches the cerebral cortex on when individual is relaxed • Switches limbic system on when there is a threat • Regulates thalamus and cortex activities that are involved in emotions • Involved in processing pain and in regulation of heartrate, breathing, perspiration, swallowing, coughing, salivation, urination, and sexual arousal

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Reticular activating system (RAS) - ANSWER - • Involved in arousal and sleep - the "toggle switch" • Switches the cerebral cortex on when indivi dual is relaxed • Switches limbic system on when there is a threat • Regulates thalamus and cortex activities that are involved in emotions • Involved in processing pain and in regulation of heartrate, breathing, perspiration, swallowing, coughing, salivation, urination, and sexual arousal Hypothalamus - ANSWER - • Bridges internal homeostasis and outside environment • Involved with raw emotions of pleasure, reward, aversion, and rage • Regulates the autonomic nervous system and secretion of pituitary hormones • Involved in hunger, thirst, water balance, regulation of temperature, circadian rhythms, and stress response Thalamus - ANSWER - • Gaits information to the neocortex • Processes information coming from the 5 senses and information coming from th e amygdala and cerebellum before it goes to the neocortex • Involved in wakefulness, sleep, and pain perception Amygdala - ANSWER - • Anxiety and anger • Generates rudimentary emotions such as fear, rage, religious ecstasy, and sexual desire • Surveys the e nvironment • Regulates fear and response to stress • Evaluates expression of friendliness, fear, love, affection, distrust, and anger • Contributes to emotional memories, especially fear • Seeks attachment indiscriminately Insula - ANSWER - • Involved in ne gative emotions: disgust, pain, hunger, empathy, and callousness Cingulate cortex - ANSWER - • Links emotions to actions and predicts the consequences of actions. • Involved in experiencing intense love, anger, or lost. • Activated when mother here's her in fant cry. • Involved into detecting how others feel and reaching to others emotions. • Registers social rejection. • Adjust behavior to social context. Hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus - ANSWER - the memory structures • regulates information coming to the neocortex. • Involved in memory, learning, long - term memories, and retrieval of information. • Builds cognitive maps of individual in relation to time, place, and past and present experiences. • Assigns the time and place to an event.

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