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Complete study resource for WGU D570. Includes summarized lecture notes, concept breakdowns, and exam-style questions with answers. Perfect for Western Governors University students preparing for

HEAL100 Health Care — exam and revision material · Other

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Health Care exam material, 34 pages. Originally published on StudyMerit.

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34
Academic year
2025/2026
Language
English

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# Study Outline - D570 ## Section One, Lesson One: ### Introduction to Cognitive Psychology (Theorists) 1. **Donders (1868):** - Conducted early experimental psychology focusing on the reaction time to stimuli, suggesting that mental processes could be quantified in terms of measurable time. 2. **Wundt (1879):** - Established the first scientific psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany, marking the formal beginning of psychology as a discipline distinct from philosophy. 3. **Ebbinghaus (1885):** - Known for his work on memory; he introduced the forgetting curve and demonstrated how we forget information over time without retrieval practice. 4. **James (1890):** - Authored "Principles of Psychology," which discussed functionalism and the consciousness stream, emphasizing the adaptive functions of psychological processes. 5. **Watson (1913):** messages.downloaded_by lOMoARcPSD|6879242

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- Founder of behaviorism; proposed that psychology should study observable behavior, excluding mental processes. 6. **Skinner (1938):** - Developed the concept of operant conditioning, demonstrating how behavior can be controlled by reinforcement and punishment. ### Notes: Cognitive psychology emerged in part as a reaction against behaviorism, focusing again on internal mental processes, conscious experience, and the ways in which individuals think, remember, and learn. ### Newell and Simon - **What did they do?** - Proposed the theory of problem-solving through their work on artificial intelligence, developing models that simulate human reasoning processes. They created the General Problem Solver (GPS) that illustrated how humans and computers could solve problems similarly by following specific rules. ### Transition from Behaviorism to Cognitive Psychology - Cognitive psychology emerged as researchers recognized the limitations of behaviorism. They started to investigate internal processes such as attention, perception, memory, and language, acknowledging that understanding behavior also requires understanding the mental operations behind it. messages.downloaded_by lOMoARcPSD|6879242

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### Neisser - **What was he known for?** - Often considered the "father of cognitive psychology," Neisser published "Cognitive Psychology" in 1967, where he defined the field and emphasized the study of perception, memory, and thought processes. ### Atkinson and Shiffrin’s Model - This model describes memory in three stores: sensory memory (briefly holds incoming information), short-term memory (limited capacity for storing information before further processing), and long-term memory (storehouse for more permanent information). Rehearsal is key for transferring information from short-term to long- term memory. ### Tulving: Types of Memory - **Episodic Memory:** Memory of personal experiences and specific events, including contextual details. - **Semantic Memory:** General knowledge about the world, facts, concepts, and meanings. - **Procedural Memory:** Memory for skills and actions, such as riding a bike or playing an instrument. ### Broadbent - Developed a filter model of attention which suggests that information is filtered based on physical characteristics, allowing only selected messages to pass into consciousness for further processing. messages.downloaded_by lOMoARcPSD|6879242

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