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160 mental health and maternal exam 1

HEAL100 Health Care — exam and revision material · Other

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Health Care exam material, 39 pages. Originally published on StudyMerit.

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39
Academic year
2025/2026
Language
English

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NU 160 EXAM 1 Chapter 1.  Mental Health: is the ability to cope with and adjust to the recurrent stresses of living in an acceptable way. o mentally healthy people successfully carry out the activities of daily living, adapt to changes, solve problems, set goals, and enjoy life. They are self-aware, directed, and responsible for their actions. Mentally healthy people are able to cope well. o Mental health is influenced by three factors  1) Inherited characteristics  2) childhood nurturing  3) life circumstances o The risk for developing ineffective coping behaviors increases when problems exist in any one of these areas.  if behaviors interfere with daily activities, impaired judgment, or alter reality, an individual is said to be mentally ill.  Mental illness (Disorder) : is a disturbance in one’s ability to cope effectively  Trephining: cutting holes into the skull to encourage the evil spirits to leave.  The first English institution for mentally ill people was initially a hospice founded in 1247 by the sheriff of London.  by 1330 Bethlehem Royal Hospital had developed into a lunatic asylum that eventually became infamous for his beautiful, brutal treatments.  Violently ill patient were chained to the wall and small cells, and often provided entertainment for the public. Hospital staff would charge fees for their tourist attractions and conduct tourist through the institution. Less violent patients were forced to wear identifying, armband, and be on the streets. Insane people were hardly treated in those times, but Bethlehem Royal hospitals commonly called bedlam was preferable to burning at the stake. Downloaded by Aisyln Vaughn (samuelkingstone40@gmail.com) Scan to open on Studocu lOMoARcPSD|14174986

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 During the later parts of the 18th century psychiatry developed a separate branch of medicine.  Inhumane treatment and vicious practices were openly questioned.  Actual care of mentally ill person in the United States, did not begin to improve until the arrival of Alice Fisher, a Florence Nightingale train nurse in 1884.  Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT): passing electricity through the patient’s head helped improve severe depression.  Lobotomy: surgical procedure that servers the frontal lobe of the brain from the thalamus.  In 1946 the Congress passed the national mental health act, which provided funding for programs in research, training of mental health, professionals, and inspection of state mental health facilities.  By 1949 the national Institute of mental health was organized to provide research and training related to mental illness.  Psychotherapeutic drugs are chemicals that affect the mind. These drugs, alter emotions, perceptions, and consciousness in several ways. Psychotherapeutic drugs are also called psychopharmacologic agents, psychotropic drugs, and psychoactive drugs. The 1950s concluded with the introduction of “imipramine” THE FIRST ANTIDEPRESSANT.  The community mental health centers act was passed by Congress and October 1963.  This act was designed to support the construction of mental health centers and communities throughout the United States.  The needs were met for people experiencing mental or emotional problems. Physicians, psychiatrist, nurses, and various therapist with develop therapeutic relationships with clients and monitor their progress within the community setting. Was to provide comprehensive mental health services for all residents within a certain geographic region called catchment area. Downloaded by Aisyln Vaughn (samuelkingstone40@gmail.com) Scan to open on Studocu lOMoARcPSD|14174986

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 The passage of the Medicare/Medicaid bill of 1965, combined with the community healthcare act, led to the release of more than 75% of institutionalized mentally ill persons into the community unfortunately most chronically mentally ill people were dumped into their communities therefore, realistic strategies, programs, and facilities were in place.  In 1980, Congress Pass Mental Health Systems Act, one of the most progressive mental health bills in history. The mental health system at address, community, mental healthcare, and client rights, and established priorities for research and training. However, before recommendations could be naturally implemented the United States, elected a few presidents and mental health reform, changed drastically.  Mental Health Priority and Addiction Equity Act of 2008 was passed by Congress. This bill required insurance coverage for mental health and substance use conditions that was equal to coverage for medical problems.  In the early 1900s, a neurophysiologist named Sigmund Freud published the article that introduced the term Psychoanalysis.  Freud believes that forces both within and outside the personality were responsible for mental illness. He developed elaborate theories around the theme of expressed sexual energies. Freud was the first person who succeeded in “ explaining human behaviors, in psychological terms and in demonstrating that behavior can be changed under the proper circumstances” the first comprehensive theory of mental illness based on alteration had emerged and psychoanalysis began to gain a strong hold in America.  He focused on behaviors of which the patient is unaware. CHAPTER 2  Care Setting Downloaded by Aisyln Vaughn (samuelkingstone40@gmail.com) Scan to open on Studocu lOMoARcPSD|14174986

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