Transcultural Health Care : A Culturally Competent Approach, 3rd Edition Test Bank

Chapter 2: The Purnell Model for Cultural Competence 1. A value of the dominant U.S. culture is A) Dependence. B) Individualism. C) Hierarchical status. D) Formality. 2. The earliest settlers in the United States came A) For economic reasons. B) For educational opportunities. C) As refugees. D) As slaves. 3. Low-context English means that A) Most of the message is implied. B) Few words are used to express a thought. C) Many words are used to express a thought. D) Nonverbal communication is more important than verbal communication. 4. U.S. cultural characteristics, values, and beliefs are reflected in which of the following statements? A) I do not need prenatal care because having a baby is a natural part of life. B) My husband is taking time off from work because he wants to be with me for the labor and delivery. C) Before I make a decision, I need to speak with my parents because I appreciate their advice. D) I am not going to do anything different during my pregnancy because what will be will be. 5. Maintaining eye contact when conversing in the dominant American culture means A) That the conversants understand each other. B) That the conversants are being truthful with each other. C) That the conversants are actively listening. D) Surprise or anger. Page 1 Chapter 2: The Purnell Model for Cultural Competence 6. Categorically imperative concepts of timeliness (being on time for appointments) are not shared by all cultures. What should the health-care provider do to help ensure that the client is on time for appointments? A) Ignore the issue; some people will never be timely. B) Explain the importance of timeliness to treatments. C) Inform them that they will not be seen if they are late. D) Accept that they will be late and move on. 7. The nurse is using an interpreter to interview the parents of a 3-year-old with an earache. The nurse should direct questions to A) The father. B) The mother. C) The interpreter. D) Both parents. 8. The American workforce can be “artificially” divided into four groups: traditionalists, Baby Boomers, generation Xers, and millennials. The group that is most comfortable with diversity is A) Traditionalists. B) Baby Boomers. C) Generation Xers. D) Millennials. 9. Techniques to determine oxygenation needs in dark-skinned people include A) Examining the skin using indirect lighting. B) Examining the palms of the hands. C) Comparing darker and lighter parts of the body. D) Pressing the skin and looking for blanching. 10. The group with the highest rate of diabetes mellitus is A) White men. B) Mexican women. C) Native American women. D) Asian men. Page 2 Chapter 2: The Purnell Model for Cultural Competence 11. Which of the following statements is true about smoking rates and ethnicity in the United States? Smoking rates A) Have decreased among all white groups. B) Are highest among Native Americans. C) Are highest among Hispanics. D) Are lowest among Arabs. 12. A taboo practice for pregnant women among many cultures is that they should not reach their hands over their head while pregnant. This practice is believed to A) Cause a miscarriage. B) Make the delivery more difficult. C) Cause the cord to wrap around the baby’s neck. D) Decrease oxygenation to the fetus. 13. A 40-year-old, unconscious man is brought to the emergency department by the paramedics. The nurse notices that he has a thin red cord tied around his wrist. The nurse should A) Place it with the rest of his valuables. B) Tape it in place. C) Give it to the family when they arrive. D) Put it in the pocket of his pants. 14. Several studies have been completed on minority patients and the amount of pain medicine administered or prescribed by health-care providers. Which of the following statements about minorities and pain medicine is true? A) There is little to no difference among minority groups on the amount of pain medicine prescribed. B) The pain-processing and pain-killing systems do not vary by race and ethnicity. C) Socioeconomic factors positively influence pain medicine D) Good communication between the patient and the health-care provider influences pain diagnosis and treatment. 15. Some individuals, regardless of cultural heritage, prefer traditional practitioners over Western allopathic practitioners. The most likely explanation for this is A) Traditional practitioners are usually known by the individual and more trusted. B) Most individuals who prefer traditional practitioners cannot afford allopathic practitioners. C) Traditional practitioners specialize in specific health conditions. D) Traditional practitioners stress wellness and health promotion. Page 3 Chapter 2: The Purnell Model for Cultural Competence Answer Key 1. B Responses: A) Incorrect. Independence, not dependence, is a dominant value of the U.S. culture. B) Correct. Individualism is a dominant value of the U.S. culture. C) Incorrect. Hierarchical status is not a dominant value of the U.S. culture. D) Incorrect. Informality, not formality, is a dominant value of the U.S. culture. 2. A Responses: A) Correct. The earliest settlers in the United States came for economic reasons. B) Incorrect. The earliest settlers in the United States came for economic reasons; educational opportunities were later. C) Incorrect. The earliest settlers in the United States came for economic reasons; refugees came later. D) Incorrect. The earliest settlers in the United States came for economic reasons; slaves came later in the 1600s. 3. C Responses: A) Incorrect. In high-context English, most of the message is implied. B) Incorrect. Low-context English means that many words are used to express a thought. C) Correct. Low-context English means that many words are used to express a thought. D) Incorrect. Verbal communication is more important than nonverbal communication in low-context English. 4. B Responses: A) Incorrect. Whereas many adhere to this philosophy, the woman is expected to seek prenatal care. B) Correct. This statement is consistent with the dominant U.S. view of family-centered childbirth. C) Incorrect. With the value of individualism of the United States, the woman does not feel obligated to seek permission from her parents. D) Incorrect. This statement reflects fatalism, which is not a dominant value in the United States. 5. C Responses: A) Incorrect. Maintaining eye contact does not equate to understanding. B) Incorrect. Maintaining eye contact does not equate to telling the truth. C) Correct. Maintaining eye contact in the dominant American culture means that the conversants are listening to each other. D) Incorrect. Maintaining eye contact in the dominant American culture does not equate to surprise or anger. 6. B Responses: A) Incorrect. Ignoring the lack of timeliness may continue to cause concerns for future situations in which timeliness is important. Page 4 Chapter 2: The Purnell Model for Cultural Competence B) Correct. The importance of timeliness should be explained if timeliness is important. C) Incorrect. Not seeing them if they are late demonstrates a lack of sensitivity and lacks respect. D) Incorrect. Ignoring the lack of timeliness may continue to cause concerns for future situations in which timeliness is important. Given that some people are chronically late, the importance of timeliness should still be explained if timeliness is important. 7. D Responses: A) Incorrect. Addressing questions only to the father shows a lack of respect for the mother. B) Incorrect. Addressing questions only to the mother shows a lack of respect for the father. C) Incorrect. The nurse should address the question to both parents, not the interpreter. D) Correct. The nurse should address the question to both parents. 8. D Responses: A) Incorrect. Traditionalists are not as comfortable with diversity as are millennials. B) Incorrect. Baby Boomers generally are not as comfortable with diversity as are millennials. C) Incorrect. Generation Xers generally are not as comfortable with diversity as are millennials. D) Correct. Millennials are generally more comfortable with diversity because they are more accustomed to living and working with diversity as the United States becomes more ethnocultually diverse. 9. B Responses: A) Incorrect. This will not help to determine oxygenation needs. Direct lighting is recommended. B) Correct. This is the recommended technique for determining oxygenation needs in dark-skinned people. C) Incorrect. Comparing darker and lighter parts of the body will not help determine oxygenation. D) Incorrect. Pressing the skin and looking for blanching will not help determine oxygenation. 10. C Responses: A) Incorrect. Of the groups listed, Native American women have the highest rate of diabetes mellitus. B) Incorrect. Of the groups listed, Native American women have the highest rate of diabetes mellitus. C) Correct. Of the groups listed, Native American women have the highest rate of diabetes mellitus. D) Incorrect. Of the groups listed, Native American women have the highest rate of diabetes mellitus. 11. B Responses: Page 5 Chapter 2: The Purnell Model for Cultural Competence A) Incorrect. Women and teenagers have increased their smoking rates. B) Correct. Smoking rates are highest among Native Americans. C) Incorrect. Smoking rates are highest among Native Americans. D) Incorrect. Smoking rates are highest among Native Americans. 12. C Responses: A) Incorrect. This is not a common belief. B) Incorrect. This is not a common belief. C) Correct. This is a common belief. D) Incorrect. This is not a common belief. 13. B Responses: A) Incorrect. Amulets provide solace and should not be removed unless absolutely necessary. B) Correct. Amulets provide solace and should not be removed unless absolutely necessary, so taping it in place to ensure that it is not lost is best. C) Incorrect. Amulets provide solace and should not be removed unless absolutely necessary. D) Incorrect. Amulets provide solace and should not be removed unless absolutely necessary. 14. D Responses: A) Incorrect. Minority patients are usually prescribed less pain medicine than nonminority patients. B) Incorrect. This statement has not been proved. C) Incorrect. Socioeconomic factors have an adverse effect on pain medicine ordered. D) Correct. Good communication between the patient and the health-care provider influences pain diagnosis and treatment. 15. A Responses: A) Correct. Traditional practitioners are usually known by the individual and more trusted. B) Incorrect. The use of traditional practitioners is not correlated with socioeconomic status. C) Incorrect. Traditional healers do not generally specialize in specific health conditions D) Incorrect. Traditional healers treat conditions after they have occurred. Page 6