Test Bank for Principles of Radiographic Imaging: An Art and A Science, 6th Edition

Name: Class: Date: Chapter 02 – Radiation Concepts Multiple Choice 1. The unit of mass is the a. megabyte. b. kg. c. liter. d. cc. ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/4/2019 9:27 PM DATE MODIFIED: 2/4/2019 9:29 PM 2. An electron is ____ charged and has a mass of ____ amu(s). a. negatively; 1.673 10−27 b. negatively; 0.000548 c. neutral; 1 d. positively; 0.000548 ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Medium QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/4/2019 11:32 PM DATE MODIFIED: 2/4/2019 11:38 PM 3. The orderly arrangement of elements in the periodic table is based upon a. atomic weights. b. mass number. c. neutron number. d. atomic number. ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/4/2019 11:35 PM DATE MODIFIED: 2/4/2019 11:39 PM 4. Photon wavelength is a. inversely proportional to photon velocity. Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 1 Name: Class: Date: Chapter 02 – Radiation Concepts b. directly proportional to photon frequency. c. inversely proportional to photon frequency. d. is not related to frequency. ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Medium QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/4/2019 11:36 PM DATE MODIFIED: 2/4/2019 11:38 PM 5. All of the following are true of electromagnetic energies EXCEPT: a. They are illustrated as sinusoidal waves. b. They possess both wave and particle characteristics. c. The relationship between frequency and wavelength is direct and proportional. d. They are arranged in an orderly spectrum according to frequency and wavelength. ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Medium QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/4/2019 11:39 PM DATE MODIFIED: 2/4/2019 11:41 PM 6. The maximum number of electrons found in any energy level (shell) at any point in time is calculated by the formula a. N = Z x e2. b. W = F c. N = amu D. Z. d. 2n2. ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Medium QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/4/2019 11:41 PM DATE MODIFIED: 2/4/2019 11:42 PM 7. The sum of protons and neutrons in a nucleus is called the a. atomic mass unit. b. atomic weight. c. quantum number. d. mass number. Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 2 Name: Class: Date: Chapter 02 – Radiation Concepts ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/4/2019 11:43 PM DATE MODIFIED: 2/4/2019 11:44 PM 8. Groups of the periodic table a. represent elements with the same outer electron configuration. b. are horizontal. c. represent elements with the same atomic density. d. all have the same electron binding energies. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Medium QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/4/2019 11:45 PM DATE MODIFIED: 2/4/2019 11:46 PM 9. Carbon has an atomic number of 6. One of its isotopes has a mass number of 14. The number of neutrons in this isotope is a. 6. b. 8. c. 14. d. 19. ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Medium QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/4/2019 11:46 PM DATE MODIFIED: 2/18/2019 1:20 AM 10. A period in the periodic table is a. represented by a column. b. vertical. c. the principal quantum number. d. determined by the valence electrons. ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Medium Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 3 Name: Class: Date: Chapter 02 – Radiation Concepts QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/4/2019 11:47 PM DATE MODIFIED: 2/4/2019 11:48 PM 11. In the excitation process, electrons in an atom are moved to a/an ____ energy state. a. lower b. higher c. incomplete d. ionization ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Medium QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/4/2019 11:49 PM DATE MODIFIED: 2/4/2019 11:50 PM 12. The maximum number of electrons in a period with a principal quantum number of 4 is a. 6. b. 8. c. 18. d. 32. ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Medium QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/4/2019 11:50 PM DATE MODIFIED: 2/18/2019 1:23 AM 13. Isotopes have ____ mass numbers and ____ atomic numbers. a. the same; the same b. the same; different c. different; the same d. different; different ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/4/2019 11:52 PM DATE MODIFIED: 2/4/2019 11:53 PM Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 4 Name: Class: Date: Chapter 02 – Radiation Concepts 14. In a vacuum, electromagnetic radiation a. has a velocity equal to the speed of light. b. x-ray energy may be bent by a crystalline lens. c. causes ionizations of air molecules. d. is altered by a strong magnetic field. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/5/2019 12:06 AM DATE MODIFIED: 2/5/2019 12:07 AM 15. If the photon frequency of electromagnetic radiation is increased tenfold, then the a. velocity will increase times 10. b. velocity will decrease to 10. c. wavelength will increase times 10. d. wavelength will decrease to 1/10. ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Medium QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/5/2019 12:08 AM DATE MODIFIED: 2/5/2019 12:09 AM 16. Electromagnetic radiation with a frequency of 2,000 hertz would have a wavelength of a. 1/2,000 cm. b. 1.5 10−7 cm. 107 cm. d. cannot be determined. ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Medium QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/5/2019 12:09 AM DATE MODIFIED: 2/5/2019 12:11 AM c. 1.5 17. The atomic number is the number of ____ contained in the nucleus. a. neutrons b. electrons Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 5 Name: Class: Date: Chapter 02 – Radiation Concepts c. protons d. positrons ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/5/2019 12:11 AM DATE MODIFIED: 2/5/2019 12:14 AM 18. An isotope of boron has 5 protons and 6 neutrons. The atomic number of boron is a. 11. b. 10. c. 6. d. 5. ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Medium QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/5/2019 12:15 AM DATE MODIFIED: 2/18/2019 1:31 AM 19. An element with an atomic number of 22 has how many electrons in the second principal quantum number level (L shell)? a. 22 b. 10 c. 8 d. 2 ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Medium QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/5/2019 12:18 AM DATE MODIFIED: 2/5/2019 12:19 AM 20. Calculate the velocity of red light with a wavelength of approximately 4.0 nm (nm = 10−9). a. 7.5 10−1 nm/sec b. 7.5 1018 nm/sec c. 1.2 10−17 nm/sec d. 1.2 101 nm/sec Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 6 Name: Class: Date: Chapter 02 – Radiation Concepts ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/5/2019 12:19 AM DATE MODIFIED: 2/5/2019 12:21 AM 21. The nuclear components that distinguish one element from another are the a. neutrons. b. protons. c. gamma particles. d. beta particles. ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Medium QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/5/2019 12:21 AM DATE MODIFIED: 2/5/2019 12:22 AM 22. An atom has an atomic number of 18 and a mass number of 38. Letting P = the number of protons and N = the number of neutrons, which of the following atoms is the isotope of this atom? a. P = 18, N = 20 b. P = 18, N = 21 c. P = 20, N = 18 d. none of the above ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/5/2019 12:23 AM DATE MODIFIED: 2/5/2019 12:25 AM 23. If the frequency of a wave is 1,000 hertz and is traveling at 50,000 m/sec, then its wavelength is a. 0.05 m. b. 0.5 m. c. 5 m. d. 50 m. ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 7 Name: Class: Date: Chapter 02 – Radiation Concepts QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/5/2019 12:25 AM DATE MODIFIED: 2/5/2019 12:27 AM 24. According to the “rule of octets,” a. eight energy levels have electrons. b. eight protons occupy the outermost shell. c. the valence shell is chemically inert. d. both a and c. ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/5/2019 12:28 AM DATE MODIFIED: 2/8/2019 11:33 PM 25. Which of the following is not a basic characteristic of the wave equation? a. velocity b. wavelength c. frequency d. energy ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Medium QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/5/2019 12:29 AM DATE MODIFIED: 2/5/2019 12:31 AM 26. If an electron is gained or lost from an atom, that atom becomes a. an ion. b. a new element. c. an isotope. d. radioactive. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Easy QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/5/2019 12:31 AM DATE MODIFIED: 2/5/2019 12:33 AM Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 8 Name: Class: Date: Chapter 02 – Radiation Concepts 27. All of the following are energy forms EXCEPT a. sound. b. thermal. c. electrical. d. nuclear. ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Medium QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/5/2019 12:33 AM DATE MODIFIED: 2/5/2019 12:34 AM 28. Quarks may behave according to the ____ theory. a. string b. quantum c. octet d. electromagnetic ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Medium QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/5/2019 12:34 AM DATE MODIFIED: 2/5/2019 12:36 AM 29. All of the following are true of the substance glucose (C6H12O6) EXCEPT: a. The smallest subdivision of this molecule is glucose. b. It is a compound. c. It consists of three elements. d. It may be broken down into one atom of glucose. ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/5/2019 12:36 AM DATE MODIFIED: 2/5/2019 12:38 AM 30. When comparing iodine (Z = 53) with barium (Z = 56), a. barium has a lower k-shell binding energy. b. iodine has more neutrons. Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 9 Name: Class: Date: Chapter 02 – Radiation Concepts c. iodine has five (5) orbitals with electrons. d. barium has fewer protons. ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 DIFFICULTY: Difficult QUESTION TYPE: Multiple Choice HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/5/2019 12:38 AM DATE MODIFIED: 2/5/2019 12:39 AM Matching Match the following atomic structure characteristics with the correct statement or definition. a. electron b. neutron c. proton d. binding energy e. kinetic energy f. atomic mass g. atomic number h. isotope DIFFICULTY: Medium QUESTION TYPE: Matching HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/5/2019 1:34 AM DATE MODIFIED: 2/5/2019 1:39 AM 31. entirely concentrated in the nucleus ANSWER: f POINTS: 1 32. increases as the number of electrons and protons increases ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 33. A change in the number of these changes the identity of the element. ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 34. possesses a negative charge and minute mass ANSWER: a POINTS: 1 35. A gain or loss of this atomic particle creates an isotope. ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 36. Electrons moving around in specific orbitals demonstrate this energy. ANSWER: e Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 10 Name: Class: Date: Chapter 02 – Radiation Concepts POINTS: 1 Match the following items relating to the periodic table with the correct statement. a. tungsten b. valence c. molybdenum d. iodine e. barium f. lead g. families (groups) h. periods DIFFICULTY: Difficult QUESTION TYPE: Matching HAS VARIABLES: False DATE CREATED: 2/5/2019 1:57 AM DATE MODIFIED: 2/5/2019 2:00 AM 37. elements having the same chemical characteristics ANSWER: g POINTS: 1 38. Its k-shell binding energy is −33.17 keV. ANSWER: d POINTS: 1 39. It is determined by the number of electrons in the outermost shell of an atom. ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 40. It has a mass number of 207. ANSWER: f POINTS: 1 41. Elements having the same principal quantum number are in this order. ANSWER: h POINTS: 1 42. an “L” to “K” transition would yield 31.45 keV of energy ANSWER: e POINTS: 1 Match the following items relating to the electromagnetic spectrum with the correct statement. a. infrared energy b. gamma rays c. radio waves d. ultraviolet energy e. excitation f. lambda g. amplitude h. velocity DIFFICULTY: Medium QUESTION TYPE: Matching HAS VARIABLES: False Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 11 Name: Class: Date: Chapter 02 – Radiation Concepts DATE CREATED: 2/5/2019 2:00 AM DATE MODIFIED: 2/5/2019 2:03 AM 43. the transference of energy to an atom ANSWER: e POINTS: 1 44. can be long wavelengths in kilometers ANSWER: c POINTS: 1 45. an expression of wavelength ANSWER: f POINTS: 1 46. the product of frequency and wavelength ANSWER: h POINTS: 1 47. expressed as the height of the wave ANSWER: g POINTS: 1 48. highly penetrating based upon frequency ANSWER: b POINTS: 1 Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 12