Test Bank for Pedretti's Occupational Therapy: Practice Skills for Physical Dysfunction, 7th Edition

Pendleton: Pedretti’s Occupational Therapy, 7th Edition Chapter 2: History and Practice Trends in Physical Dysfunction Intervention Knowledge-Based Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which describes the founders of the field of occupational therapy (OT)? A. They were all nurses. B. They were all women. C. They had a variety of professional backgrounds. D. They all thought scientific management should be the foundation of OT. E. They all worked as OT restoration aides in World War I. ANS: C The seven founders represented five different professions. DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: EASY 2. The idea that handicrafts could be graded to provide occupation that stimulated mental activity and muscular exercise at the same time stemmed from which founding ideology? A. Arts and Crafts movement B. Moral treatment C. Scientific management D. Medical model E. Disability rights movement ANS: A The Arts and Crafts movement, a founding ideology of occupational therapy, showed that handicrafts could be graded to provide occupation that stimulated mental activity and muscular exercise at the same time. DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Easy 3. The development of reliable protocols for surgical and medical intervention based on systematic observation stemmed from which founding ideology? A. Arts and Crafts movement B. Moral treatment C. Scientific management D. Disability rights movement E. Interactional or sociopolitical model ANS: C One of the benefits of the scientific management approach was the development of reliable protocols for surgical and medical intervention based on systematic observation. Mosby items and derived items © 2013 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Knowledge-Based Test Bank DIF: 2-2 COGNITIVE LEVEL: EASY 4. The use of integrated interdisciplinary rehabilitation for the chronically ill and the elderly reflects which model the most? A. Moral treatment B. Disability rights movement C. Interactional or sociopolitical model D. Social model E. Rehabilitation model ANS: E The rehabilitation model uses integrated interdisciplinary rehabilitation for the chronically ill and the elderly. DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: EASY 5. Specialization of OT practitioners in physical dysfunction or mental illness to develop more sophisticated techniques and to earn the respect of physicians was promoted through which treatment model? A. Moral treatment B. Disability rights movement C. Interactional or sociopolitical model D. Medical model E. Social model ANS: D The medical model promoted specialization of OT practitioners in physical dysfunction or mental illness to develop more sophisticated techniques and to earn the respect of physicians. DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: EASY 6. In 1972 Edward Roberts, at the University of California in Berkeley, initiated which of the following? A. The disability rights movement B. The interactional or sociopolitical model C. The independent living movement D. The interactional or sociopolitical movement E. The social model ANS: C Although the independent living movement is part of the social model, Roberts specifically established the first Center for Independent Living. DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: INTERMEDIATE Mosby items and derived items © 2013 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Knowledge-Based Test Bank 2-3 7. Which model views the individual as a passive participant in the intervention process? A. Moral treatment B. Disability rights movement C. Interactional or sociopolitical model D. Medical model E. Social model ANS: D The medical model views the individual as a passive participant in the intervention process. DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: INTERMEDIATE 8. The Rehabilitation Act of 1973, the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) of 1973, and the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990 are all legislation acts that resulted from activists of which model or movement? A. Arts and Crafts movement B. Moral treatment C. Scientific management D. Medical model E. Disability rights movement ANS: E Disability rights activists advocated for these pieces of legislation. DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: INTERMEDIATE 9. Under the American Occupational Therapy Association’s (AOTA’s) Occupational Therapy Practice Framework, the promotion of client-centered treatment within the context of the social, cultural, and political environment reflects which treatment model or approach? A. Arts and Crafts movement B. Moral treatment C. Social model D. Medical model E. Rehabilitation model ANS: C The basic tenet of the social model is the promotion of client-centered treatment in the context of the social, cultural, and political environment. DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: INTERMEDIATE 10. Under AOTA’s Occupational Therapy Practice Framework, the advocacy of the reduction of functional impairments caused by physical and psychological limitations reflects which treatment model or approach? Mosby items and derived items © 2013 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. Knowledge-Based Test Bank 2-4 A. Arts and Crafts movement B. Moral treatment C. Social model D. Medical model E. Rehabilitation model ANS: D The focus of the medical model is the advocacy of the reduction of functional impairments caused by physical and psychological limitations. DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: INTERMEDIATE 11. Under AOTA’s Occupational Therapy Practice Framework, the focus on occupationbased treatment that is both holistic and humanistic reflects which treatment model or approach? A. Arts and Crafts movement B. Moral treatment C. Social model D. Medical model E. Rehabilitation model ANS: B The focus of the moral treatment philosophy is on occupation-based treatment that is both holistic and humanistic. DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: INTERMEDIATE 12. In the interactional or sociopolitical model, disability is defined not only by the physical qualities of the individual but also by the corresponding response of which of the following? A. Therapist B. Social environment C. Piece of adaptive equipment D. Physician E. Object used for therapy ANS: B In the interactional or sociopolitical model, disability is defined not only by the physical qualities of the individual but also by the corresponding response of the social environment. DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: INTERMEDIATE Mosby items and derived items © 2013 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.