Test Bank for Modern Systems Analysis And Design, 9th Edition

Modern Systems Analysis and Design, 9e (Valacich/George) Chapter 2 The Origins of Software 1) What is the practice of a company running a computer application for another organization? A) Outsourcing B) Information Technology Development C) In-house Payroll System D) Reusing Answer: A Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 2) All of the following are examples of company outsourcing except ________. A) payroll B) information technology (IT) C) running your applications at your site D) top executive teams Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Reflective Thinking L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 3) Which of the following is a reason why a company may outsource certain operations? A) Decrease process efficiencies B) Outsource noncore activities C) Increase time to market D) Keep the information technology staff from being bored Answer: B Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 4) What is one reason a company may outsource their operations? A) So internal resources can oversee the outsourcing at the new firm. B) To decrease process efficiencies. C) Reduce time to market. D) Because all companies outsource parts of their organization to focus on the core business. Answer: C Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Reflective Thinking L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 5) ________ is the practice of turning over responsibility of some to all of an organization’s information systems applications and operations to an outside firm. A) Outsourcing B) Reuse C) Nearshoring D) Time to market Answer: A Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Reflective Thinking L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 6) Which of the following is a reason why an organization might get rid of its entire information processing unit? A) To hire better IT staff B) Because the old system does not work anymore C) Because management does not like the IT department D) Because of political reasons Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 7) What is the practice of U.S. firms contracting with countries in Latin America? A) Nearshoring B) Offshoring C) Nextshoring D) Neighbor redevelopment Answer: A Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 8) Choose the list that represents the top three countries that are used for outsourcing according to a report by A. T. Kearney. A) India, Asia, and Brazil B) India, China, and Malaysia C) Bulgaria, China, and Mexico D) Mexico, Egypt, and China Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 2 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 9) Which of the following is NOT a major category of sources of software? A) Offshore B) Cloud computing vendors C) In-house developers D) Package software Answer: A Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 10) Mexico is often seen as a complement to India for outsourcing. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 11) Because open source software is free, it is impossible to make money with it. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 12) Today’s system analysts only have a few languages to choose from when creating applications. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 13) A component of outsourcing is development of applications outside of the organization. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 14) The first administrative information system was developed in the United States by J. Lyons & Sons. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Difficult AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 3 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 15) Concerning outsourcing, some companies only supply inputs and take outputs. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 16) When an organization outsources to a company, the company fires the employees of the original organization. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Difficult AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 17) Companies outsource their information systems because they want to reduce their time to market. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 18) The city of Grand Rapids Michigan outsourced its computing center in order to better manage its employees. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Difficult AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 19) Malaysia is in the bottom ten of countries that organization’s use for outsourcing. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 20) If a company chooses to not to outsource their information technology, their only other option is to build the systems in-house. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Difficult AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 4 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 21) IT services assist organizations with developing applications for customers. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 22) Amazon.com is a leader in cloud computing services. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Difficult AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 23) Intuit is an example of an IT services firm. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Difficult AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 24) Microsoft is the best-known software company in the world. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 25) Some off-the-shelf software systems cannot be modified to meet the needs of an organization. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 26) Oracle is a software company known for productivity software. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 5 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 27) Software that can be modified to meet the needs of an organization are called turnkey systems. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 28) SAP provides ERP systems. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 29) An example of cloud computing is salesforce.com. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 30) Cloud computing has experienced decreased growth in recent years. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 31) QuickBooks is a popular off-the-shelf software system. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 32) Managed reuse is a less expensive method of managing software reuse. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.4 Explain reuse and its role in software development Classification: Concept 6 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 33) What is outsourcing? Identify two outsourcing arrangements. Identify two reasons for outsourcing. Answer: Outsourcing is the practice of turning over responsibility of some to all of an organization’s information systems applications and operations to an outside firm. A company may hire a third party to develop and run its applications on the third party’s computers. Another alternative is for the third party to run the applications on-site and on your computers. Reasons for outsourcing include cost-effectiveness and the company’s core mission does not involve managing an information systems unit. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Synthesis 34) Why would an analyst need to have an awareness of outsourcing as an alternative to handling IT services in-house? Answer: Analysts need to be aware of outsourcing as an alternative. When generating alternative system development strategies for a system, an analyst should consult with organizations in the area that provide outsourcing services. Perhaps outsourcing the replacement system should be one of your alternatives. Knowing what your system requirements are before you consider outsourcing means that you can carefully assess how well the suppliers of outsourcing services can respond to your needs. However, should you decide not to consider outsourcing, you need to determine whether some software components of your replacement system should be purchased and not built in-house. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Synthesis 35) Why would an organization outsource information systems operations? Answer: Outsourcing may be cost-effective. If a company specializes in running payroll for other companies, it can leverage the economies of scale it achieves from running one stable computer application for many organizations into very low prices. Outsourcing also provides a way for firms to leapfrog their current position in information systems and to turn over development and operations to outside staff who possess knowledge and skills not found internally. Other reasons for outsourcing include: freeing up internal resources, increasing the revenue potential of the organization, reducing time to market, increasing process. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Synthesis 7 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 36) List development specializations and provide an example of the leading software firms for the specialty. Answer: The leading software firms and their specialties include: IT Services (Accenture, CSC, IBM, HP); Packaged software providers (Intuit, Microsoft, Oracle, SAP AG, Symantec); Enterprise Software Solutions (Oracle, SAP AG); Cloud Computing (Amazon.com, Google, IBM, Microsoft, salesforce.com); Open source (sourceforge.net). Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Synthesis 37) Describe how an IT service firm can meet the needs of an organization. Provide an example of an IT service firm. Answer: If a company needs an information system but does not have the expertise or the personnel to develop the system in-house, and a suitable off-the-shelf system is not available, the company will likely consult an information technology services firm. IT services firms help companies develop custom information systems for internal use, or they develop, host, and run applications for customers, or they provide other services. These firms employ people with expertise in the development of information systems. Their consultants may also have expertise in a given business area. Examples of IT firms include IBM, HP, and Computer Sciences Corp. Difficulty: Difficult AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Synthesis 38) Which of the following is a function of an IT service firm? A) Run applications for customers B) Support an order entry system C) Rent licenses D) Provide open source software Answer: A Difficulty: Difficult AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Concept 39) Which of the following is a firm that specializes in cloud computing? A) Accenture B) Intuit C) Oracle D) Salesforce.com Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Concept 8 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 40) Intuit’s QuickBooks is an example of what type of software? A) ERP software B) In-house software C) Prepackaged software D) Open source software Answer: C Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Concept 41) ________ software solutions consist of a series of integrated modules. A) Quicken B) Cloud Computing C) Open Source D) Enterprise Resource Planning Answer: D Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Concept 42) Which firm is best known for its ERP software solution? A) SAP AG B) Oracle C) Microsoft D) Google Answer: A Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Concept 43) ________ is/are off-the-shelf software systems that cannot be modified to meet the specific, individual needs of a particular organization. A) In-house designs B) Custom software C) Turnkey systems D) Open source systems Answer: C Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Concept 9 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 44) ________ solutions integrate individual traditional business functions into a series of modules so that a single transaction occurs seamlessly within a single information system rather than several separate systems. A) Turnkey B) ERP C) IBM D) Consultants Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Concept 45) Which solution enables a firm to integrate all parts of a business process into a unified information system? A) Prepackaged B) Off the shelf C) Enterprise software solutions D) Azure Answer: C Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Concept 46) If an organization is using applications rented from a third party vendor running in a remote location, they are most likely using what type of software system? A) ERP B) Mobile software C) Cloud computing D) SAP Answer: C Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Concept 47) Why is open-source software different than the other types of software? A) Companies make money by offering maintenance contracts. B) It is available via the Internet. C) The source code is free. D) Only major corporations offer it. Answer: C Difficulty: Difficult AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Concept 10 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 48) Which of the following is a method for organizations to obtain applications for rent from a third-party provider who run the applications at a remote site? A) Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) B) Pre-packaged software C) Cloud computing D) Information Technology (IT) service firms Answer: C Difficulty: Difficult AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Concept 49) ________ measures the difficulty of loading the software and making it operational. A) Ease of installation B) Installation viability C) Functionality D) Flexibility Answer: A Difficulty: Difficult AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Concept 50) Together, SAP controls the largest share of the ________ market. A) ERP B) Cloud computing C) Ad hoc reuse D) In-house development Answer: A Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Concept 51) What is the primary concern of IT managers as it relates to cloud computing? A) Selecting an appropriate vendor B) Losing control of their data C) Not knowing the physical location of their applications D) Security Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Concept 11 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 52) Which of the following is NOT a step in the process of securing applications that an organization is migrating to the cloud? A) Conduct a security background check of the cloud computing organization B) Involve the organization’s security experts C) Clearly define requirements D) Perform a risk assessment Answer: A Difficulty: Difficult AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Concept 53) Which of the following is NOT an example of open-source software? A) MySQL B) Excel C) Firefox D) Linux Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Concept 54) When an organization has the resources and a system must be built from scratch, an organization should choose what type of software? A) In-house development B) Prepackaged software C) Off the shelf D) Open source Answer: A Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Concept 55) XYZ, Inc. is trying to decide when using ________ if the organization wants to pay per user or license the software. A) Outsourcing B) ERP systems C) Cloud computing D) In-house developers Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Concept 12 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 56) List the six sources of software used by organizations. Answer: Software sources can be categorized as information technology firms, packaged software providers, vendors of ERP software, cloud computing, open source, and the organization itself. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Synthesis 57) Briefly describe why systems development is more difficult now than it was in the past. Answer: There was a time, not too long ago, when no systems analysts and no symbolic computer programming languages existed. Yet people still wrote and programmed applications for computers. Even though today’s systems analyst has dozens of programming languages and development tools to work with, systems development is even more difficult now than it was 60 years ago. Then, as well as even more recently, certain issues were decided for you: If you wanted to write application software, you did it in-house and wrote the software from scratch. Today there are many different sources of software and the focus is no longer exclusively on inhouse development. Instead, the focus will be on where to obtain the many pieces and components that will be combined into the application system. Code will be written to mainly make all the different pieces work together. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Synthesis 58) What are enterprise resource planning systems? How do they differ from traditional approaches? Identify three enterprise resource planning system vendors. Answer: Enterprise resource planning systems integrate individual traditional business functions into a series of modules so that a single transaction occurs seamlessly within a single information system rather than several separate systems. ERP modules focus on business processes rather than on business functional areas. SAP AG, Oracle, and PeopleSoft, Inc. are three ERP vendors. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Synthesis 13 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 59) What are the advantages and disadvantages of an ERP system? Answer: The benefits of the enterprise solutions approach include a single repository of data for all aspects of a business process and the flexibility of the modules. A single repository ensures more consistent and accurate data, as well as less maintenance. The modules are flexible because additional modules can be added as needed once the basic system is in place. There are disadvantages to enterprise solutions software. The systems are very complex, so implementation can take a long time to complete. Organizations typically do not have the necessary expertise inhouse to implement the systems, so they must rely on consultants or employees of the software vendor, which can be very expensive. In some cases, organizations must change how they do business in order to benefit from a migration to enterprise solutions. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Synthesis 60) What is cloud computing? What are the advantages and disadvantages of using a cloud? Answer: Cloud computing provides a means for applications to be hosted and run for other companies by a provider. Advantages include less need for internal information technology staff, gaining access to applications faster than internal development, and achieving lower-cost access to corporate-quality applications. Some concerns are reliability, security and compliance with government regulations. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Synthesis 61) Describe the advantages of a company using cloud computing? Answer: Cloud computing is rapidly growing. There are many advantages to engaging in cloud computing. Taking the cloud computing route has its advantages. The top three reasons for choosing to go with cloud computing, all of are (1) freeing internal IT staff, (2) gaining access to applications faster than via internal development, and (3) achieving lower cost access to corporate-quality applications. Especially appealing is the ability to gain access to large and complex systems without having to go through the expensive and time-consuming process of implementing the systems themselves in-house. Getting your computing through a cloud also makes it easier to walk away from an unsatisfactory systems solution. Other reasons include cost effectiveness, speed to market, and better performance. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Synthesis 14 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 62) Which of the following is NOT a common criterion when choosing off-the-shelf software? A) Cost B) Functionality C) Reputation of the firm D) Documentation Answer: C Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.3 Discuss how to evaluate off-the-shelf software Classification: Concept 63) When considering off-the-shelf software, which choice is one of the most important criteria to consider? A) Vendor support B) Cost C) Flexibility D) Response time Answer: A Difficulty: Difficult AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.3 Discuss how to evaluate off-the-shelf software Classification: Concept 64) If a company has a generic software need, they should consider acquiring its software from a(n) ________. A) In-house development B) Cloud sourcing C) Packaged software producer D) Using a ERP system Answer: C Difficulty: Difficult AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.3 Discuss how to evaluate off-the-shelf software Classification: Concept 65) ________ refers to the tasks the software can perform and the mandatory, essential, and desired system features. A) Vendor support B) Documentation C) Ease of installation D) Functionality Answer: D Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.3 Discuss how to evaluate off-the-shelf software Classification: Concept 15 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 66) ________ refers to how long it takes the software package to respond to the user’s request in an interactive session. A) Vendor support B) Flexibility C) Response time D) Ease of installation Answer: C Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.3 Discuss how to evaluate off-the-shelf software Classification: Concept 67) Which criteria would be the ranked most important when an organization is choosing off-theshelf software? A) Look at cost and then go from there. B) Vendor reliability and vendor support. C) The organization chooses the cheapest option. D) It does not matter the criteria order as long as ease of installation is considered. Answer: B Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.3 Discuss how to evaluate off-the-shelf software Classification: Concept 68) Which of the following is NOT a function of vendor support? A) Assistance with choosing software B) Includes assistance to install the software C) Train user and systems staff on the software D) Provide help as problems arise after installation Answer: A Difficulty: Difficult AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.3 Discuss how to evaluate off-the-shelf software Classification: Concept 69) Which criterion refers to how easy it is to customize the software? A) Response time B) Flexibility C) Vendor support D) Functionality Answer: B Difficulty: Difficult AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.3 Discuss how to evaluate off-the-shelf software Classification: Concept 16 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 70) ________ refers to the tasks the software can perform and the mandatory, essential, and desired system features. A) Vendor support B) Documentation C) Response time D) Functionality Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.3 Discuss how to evaluate off-the-shelf software Classification: Concept 71) How long it takes the software package to respond to the user’s requests in an interactive session refers to which software evaluation criteria? A) Functionality B) Return rate C) Response time D) Flexibility Answer: C Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.3 Discuss how to evaluate off-the-shelf software Classification: Concept 72) All of the following are ways of validating purchased software information except ________. A) reviewing software documentation and technical marketing literature B) sending prospective vendors a questionnaire asking specific questions about their packages C) using the software yourself and running it through a series of tests based on the criteria for selecting software D) asking the manufacturer if they feel their software is best Answer: D Difficulty: Difficult AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.3 Discuss how to evaluate off-the-shelf software Classification: Concept 73) The questionnaire sent to vendors asking them to propose hardware and software that will meet the requirements of your new system is called a ________. A) Requirements statement B) Request for proposal C) Baseline project plan D) Business case Answer: B Difficulty: Difficult AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.3 Discuss how to evaluate off-the-shelf software Classification: Concept 17 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 74) If an organization needs to free up their staff for other IT work, the organization should consider ________ in the producer category. A) IT service firms B) in-house developers C) cloud computing D) ERP Answer: C Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.3 Discuss how to evaluate off-the-shelf software Classification: Concept 75) ________ periodically evaluate(s) software and collect(s) user opinions, thus providing a range of opinions about possible software packages. A) Analysts B) IBM C) Vendors D) Independent software testing services Answer: D Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.3 Discuss how to evaluate off-the-shelf software Classification: Concept 76) Which of the following is a company that provides independent software testing subscription services? A) Auerbach Publishers B) IBM C) Google D) SAP Answer: A Difficulty: Difficult AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.3 Discuss how to evaluate off-the-shelf software Classification: Concept 18 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 77) ________ refers to the use of previously written software resources, especially objects and components, in new applications. A) Reorganization B) Reuse C) IT vendor support D) Software Answer: B Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.4 Explain reuse and its role in software development Classification: Concept 78) Identify the most common criteria for choosing off-the-shelf software. Which two criteria would be among the most important? Answer: The most common criteria are cost, functionality, vendor support, vendor viability, flexibility, documentation, response time, and ease of installation. Cost involves comparing the cost of developing the same system in-house to the cost of purchasing or licensing the software package. Functionality refers to the tasks the software can perform and the mandatory, essential, and desired system features. While vendor support identifies the amount of support the vendor can be expected to provide, vendor viability examines the vendor’s marketplace strength. Flexibility refers to the flexibility of customizing the software. The documentation criterion examines issues relating to the user’s manual, technical documentation, and cost of acquiring additional copies of the documentation. Response time questions the length of time it takes the software package to respond to the user’s requests in an interactive session and how long it takes the software to complete running a job. The ease of installation criterion examines the difficulty of loading the software and making it operational. Vendor support and viability will be among the most important. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.3 Discuss how to evaluate off-the-shelf software Classification: Synthesis 79) Why would an organization use the request for proposal (RFP) process? Answer: One way to get all of the information you want about a software package is to collect it from the vendor. If all of the information is not available, you may have to submit a request for proposal (RFP) or a request for quote (RFQ) process your organization requires when major purchases are made. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.3 Discuss how to evaluate off-the-shelf software Classification: Synthesis 19 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 80) How can a company validate purchased software information? Answer: Information about the software can be obtained from the vendor in the form of marketing literature, an RFP, and software documentation. The company can use and test the software on a trial basis; speak with current users of the software and use independent software testing and abstracting services. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.3 Discuss how to evaluate off-the-shelf software Classification: Synthesis 81) Which of the following is NOT a basic reuse software step? A) Abstraction B) Testing C) Storage D) Recontextualization Answer: B Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.4 Explain reuse and its role in software development Classification: Concept 82) ________ is the software reuse step that involves the design of a reusable piece of software, starting from existing software assets or from scratch. A) Storage B) Facilitated reuse C) Abstraction D) Designed reuse Answer: C Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.4 Explain reuse and its role in software development Classification: Concept 83) ________ is the software reuse step that involves making software assets available for others to use. A) Abstraction B) Designed reuse C) Component based development D) Storage Answer: D Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.4 Explain reuse and its role in software development Classification: Concept 20 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 84) ________ is the software reuse step that involves making the reusable asset understandable to developers who want to use it in their systems. A) Recontextualization B) Storage C) Object class D) Component reuse library Answer: A Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.4 Explain reuse and its role in software development Classification: Concept 85) What is a result of the reuse of object classes? A) Decreased duplication of efforts B) Reduced defect density C) Increased productivity D) All of the above Answer: A Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.4 Explain reuse and its role in software development Classification: Concept 86) Which of the following issues should be addressed when considering reuse? A) The current lack of a methodology for creating and clearly defining and labeling reusable components for placement in a library B) The lack of commitment to reuse C) Lack of proper training and rewards needed to promote reuse D) Customer support Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.4 Explain reuse and its role in software development Classification: Concept 87) Which best describes facilitated reuses? A) Developers are required to practice reuse. B) Developers are not required to practice reuse, but are encouraged to do so. C) Developers practice reuse when they desire. D) Developers are mandated to reuse documentation. Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.4 Explain reuse and its role in software development Classification: Concept 21 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 88) Which of the following is a FALSE statement about reusing software? A) Reuse should increase programmer productivity. B) Reuse should decrease development time. C) Reuse should result in higher-quality software. D) Reuse is always expensive. Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.4 Explain reuse and its role in software development Classification: Concept 89) Which of the following is NOT an approach that an organization can take to software reuse? A) Flexible reuse B) Facilitated reuse C) Ad hoc reuse D) Managed reuse Answer: A Difficulty: Difficult AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.4 Explain reuse and its role in software development Classification: Concept 90) The software reuse approach that allows individuals to find or develop reusable assets on their own, and has few, if any, organizational rewards for reusing assets best describes ________. A) Flexible reuse B) Facilitated reuse C) Ad hoc reuse D) Managed reuse Answer: C Difficulty: Difficult AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.4 Explain reuse and its role in software development Classification: Concept 91) ________ is where developers are not required to practice reuse, but are encouraged to do so. A) Flexible reuse B) Facilitated reuse C) Ad hoc reuse D) Managed reuse Answer: B Difficulty: Difficult AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.4 Explain reuse and its role in software development Classification: Concept 22 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 92) Which of the following is a software reuse approach that mandates the development, sharing, and adoption of reusable assets? A) Flexible reuse B) Facilitated reuse C) Ad hoc reuse D) Managed reuse Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.4 Explain reuse and its role in software development Classification: Concept 93) The most expensive and extensive reuse approach is ________. A) Designed reuse B) Facilitated reuse C) Ad hoc reuse D) Managed reuse Answer: A Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.4 Explain reuse and its role in software development Classification: Concept 94) Which of the following is an organization that hosts and runs computer applications for other companies, typically on a per use or license basis? A) ERP firm B) Cloud computing application provider C) The Internet D) A software analyst Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Concept 95) Designed reuse is the most expensive approach to reuse. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.4 Explain reuse and its role in software development Classification: Concept 23 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 96) Component-based development is the opposite of object-oriented development. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Difficult AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.4 Explain reuse and its role in software development Classification: Concept 97) Briefly describe the process and policies for each reuse approach. Answer: The ad hoc approach does not have a process or policies. The facilitated approach uses incentives, an asset check-in process, and limited review before publication. The managed approach includes a reuse-adapted process, mandated with specific goals; reuse reviews and asset documentation, packaging, and certification guidelines, and specified metrics. The designed approach includes some domain analysis, reuse-oriented architecture, and specific steps to design for and with reuse. Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.4 Explain reuse and its role in software development Classification: Synthesis 98) Describe the three basic steps of reuse. Answer: Software reuse has three basic steps: abstraction, storage, and recontextualization. Abstraction involves the design of a reusable piece of software, starting from existing software assets or from scratch. Storage involves making software assets available for others to use. Once an asset has been found, recontextualization becomes important. This involves making the reusable asset understandable to developers who want to use it in their systems. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.4 Explain reuse and its role in software development Classification: Synthesis 99) Describe the four approaches to reuse. Answer: There are four approaches to reuse: ad-hoc, facilitated, managed, and designed. The ad hoc approach to reuse is not really an approach at all. With this approach, individuals are free to find or develop reusable assets on their own, and there are few, if any, organizational rewards for reusing assets. With facilitated reuse developers are not required to practice reuse, but they are encouraged to do so. The organization makes available some tools and techniques that enable the development and sharing of reusable assets, and one or more employees may be assigned the role of evangelist to publicize and promote the program. With managed reuse, the development, sharing, and adoption of reusable assets is mandated The most expensive and extensive approach to reuse is designed reuse. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.4 Explain reuse and its role in software development Classification: Synthesis 24 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 100) For each reuse approach, briefly describe its process and policies. Answer: The ad hoc approach does not have a process or policies. The facilitated approach uses incentives, an asset check-in process, and limited review before publication. The managed approach includes a reuse-adapted process, mandated with specific goals; reuse reviews and asset documentation, packaging, and certification guidelines, and specified metrics. The designed approach includes some domain analysis, reuse-oriented architecture, and specific steps to design for and with reuse. Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.4 Explain reuse and its role in software development Classification: Synthesis 101) Most organizations outsource at least some aspect of their information systems activities. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 102) Many U.S. firms are turning to nearshoring, or contracting with companies in ________. A) Latin America B) the Philippines C) neighboring states D) Alaska Answer: A Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 103) Which of the following is a good practice when searching for alternative systems development strategies while considering outsourcing? A) Create a SWAT analysis. B) Consult organizations in your area. C) Ask the information technology (IT) department for help. D) Look for the cheapest outsourcing company. Answer: B Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.1 Explain outsourcing Classification: Concept 25 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 104) When searching for sources of software you have to choose one option. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Concept 105) Consultants use many of the same instruments that companies use to develop systems inhouse except ________. A) techniques B) tools C) methodologies D) financing sources Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Concept 106) Which of the following is an example of a prepackaged narrow, niche package offering? A) ERP software B) Microsoft Office Suite C) Day care management software D) Turbotax Answer: C Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Concept 107) Which answer choice is NOT a benefit of ERP? A) ERP is less expensive to implement because of economy of scale. B) ERP uses a single repository of data. C) ERP has flexible modules. D) ERP is less maintenance than all types of software. Answer: A Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Concept 108) The global market for cloud computer is decreasing. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.2 Describe six different sources of software Classification: Concept 26 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 109) In choosing an off-the-shelf software solution and the supported task is generic, which type of software package would you use? A) Packaged software producer B) IT Service firms C) Open-source software D) In-house developers Answer: A Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.3 Discuss how to evaluate off-the-shelf software Classification: Concept 110) All of the following are types of vendor support except ________. A) installation B) software selection C) user training D) assistance after installation Answer: B Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.3 Discuss how to evaluate off-the-shelf software Classification: Concept 111) When you test off-the-shelf software, you should also test the documentation. Answer: TRUE Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.3 Discuss how to evaluate off-the-shelf software Classification: Concept 112) Software reviews in trade publications are unbiased and are a good source of reference when considering an off-the-shelf software solution. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.3 Discuss how to evaluate off-the-shelf software Classification: Concept 27 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 113) Reuse has all of the following benefits except ________. A) decreased development time B) decreased programmer productivity C) decreased defect rates D) decreased maintenance costs Answer: B Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.4 Explain reuse and its role in software development Classification: Concept 114) Component based development is similar to ________. A) jigsaw puzzles B) standardized programming C) object-oriented development D) project management Answer: C Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.4 Explain reuse and its role in software development Classification: Concept 115) What issues must be addressed for reuse to work in an organizational setting? Answer: However, for reuse to work in an organizational setting, many different issues must be addressed. The most important factors related to successful reuse include knowledge of the domain in which reuse is to occur, customer support, the commitment and understanding of senior management, sound organizational processes, and skilled and experienced developers. Difficulty: Difficult AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.4 Explain reuse and its role in software development Classification: Concept 116) The ________ approach to reuse involves individuals finding and developing reusable assets on their own. A) facilitated B) standardized programming C) managed reuse D) ad hoc Answer: D Difficulty: Moderate AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.4 Explain reuse and its role in software development Classification: Concept 28 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 117) Managed reuse is the most expensive approach in reuse. Answer: FALSE Difficulty: Easy AACSB: Information Technology L.O.: 2.4 Explain reuse and its role in software development Classification: Concept 29 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc.