Test Bank for Medical Terminology for Health Professions, 8th Edition

Name: Class: Date: Chapter 02: The Human Body in Health and Disease Matching Match each definition with the correct word part. a. gland b. fat c. front d. head e. lower part of body 1. aden/o ANSWER: a 2. adip/o ANSWER: b 3. anter/o ANSWER: c 4. caud/o ANSWER: e 5. cephal/o ANSWER: d Match each definition with the correct word part. a. cell b. out of c. specialist d. tissue e. within 6. cyt/o ANSWER: a 7. endoANSWER: e 8. exoANSWER: b 9. hist/o ANSWER: d 10. -ologist ANSWER: c Match each definition with the correct word part. Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 1 Name: Class: Date: Chapter 02: The Human Body in Health and Disease a. back b. control c. disease, suffering, emotion d. formation e. study of 11. -ology ANSWER: e 12. path/o ANSWER: c 13. -plasia ANSWER: d 14. poster/o ANSWER: a 15. -stasis ANSWER: b Match each definition with the correct term. a. abnormal development of cells, tissues, or organs b. change in cell structure and orientation c. defective development of an organ or tissue d. deviation from what is regarded as normal e. study of body structures 16. anaplasia ANSWER: b 17. anatomy ANSWER: e 18. anomaly ANSWER: d 19. aplasia ANSWER: c 20. dysplasia ANSWER: a Match each definition with the correct term. a. back of the body or organ b. farthest from the midline Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 2 Name: Class: Date: Chapter 02: The Human Body in Health and Disease c. nearer the midline d. situated in the back e. situated in the front 21. anterior ANSWER: e 22. distal ANSWER: b 23. dorsal ANSWER: a 24. medial ANSWER: c 25. posterior ANSWER: d Match each definition with the correct term. a. sudden outbreak of a disease b. ongoing presence of a disease within a population c. outbreak of a disease over a large area d. study of the causes of diseases e. study of tissues 26. endemic ANSWER: b 27. epidemic ANSWER: a 28. etiology ANSWER: d 29. histology ANSWER: e 30. pandemic ANSWER: c Match each definition with the appropriate condition or disease. a. disease acquired in a hospital or clinic b. illness caused by pathogenic organisms c. illness without known cause d. pathologic condition caused by an absent or defective gene Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 3 Name: Class: Date: Chapter 02: The Human Body in Health and Disease e. unfavorable response arising from a medical treatment 31. genetic disorder ANSWER: d 32. iatrogenic illness ANSWER: e 33. idiopathic disorder ANSWER: c 34. infectious disease ANSWER: b 35. nosocomial infection ANSWER: a Completion 36. The ____________________ primarily contains the major organs of digestion. ANSWER: abdominal cavity 37. The study of the functions of body structures is known as ____________________. ANSWER: physiology 38. A/An ____________________ disease is transmitted from one person to another by either direct or indirect contact. ANSWER: communicable 39. The ____________________ plane is also known as the midline. ANSWER: midsagittal 40. ____________________ are unspecialized cells that renew themselves for long periods of time through cell division. ANSWER: Stem cells 41. A/An ____________________ is a malignant tumor that originates in glandular tissue. ANSWER: adenocarcinoma 42. The processes through which the body maintains a constant internal environment is known as ____________________. ANSWER: homeostasis 43. A/An ____________________ is a physician who specializes in the care of older people. ANSWER: geriatrician 44. The ____________________ cavity is the space formed by the hip bones. ANSWER: pelvic 45. A/An ____________________ is the surgical removal of a gland. Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 4 Name: Class: Date: Chapter 02: The Human Body in Health and Disease ANSWER: adenectomy 46. Sweat glands are ____________________ glands that secrete chemical substances into ducts. ANSWER: exocrine 47. The ____________________ is the pit that marks where the umbilical cord was attached before birth. ANSWER: umbilicus 48. The term ____________________ means situated nearest the midline or beginning of a body structure. ANSWER: proximal 49. The medical term for the abnormal softening of a gland is ____________________. ANSWER: adenomalacia 50. The term ____________________ refers to the front or belly side of the body or organ. ANSWER: ventral 51. The ____________________ attaches parts of the intestine to the interior abdominal wall. ANSWER: mesentery 52. A/An ____________________ disorder is an abnormal condition that exists at the time of birth. ANSWER: congenital 53. ____________________ is the material within the cell membrane that is not part of the nucleus. ANSWER: Cytoplasm 54. Commonly known as PKU, ____________________ is a genetic disorder in which an essential digestive enzyme is missing. ANSWER: phenylketonuria 55. A/An ____________________ is a benign tumor that arises in or resembles glandular tissue. ANSWER: adenoma 56. The ____________________ region of the abdomen is located below the stomach. ANSWER: hypogastric 57. ____________________ transmission is the spread of a disease through contact with blood or other body fluids that have been contaminated with blood. ANSWER: Bloodborne Blood-borne Blood borne 58. The term ____________________ means toward the head. ANSWER: cephalic 59. The ____________________ cavity protects the heart and the lungs. ANSWER: thoracic Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 5 Name: Class: Date: Chapter 02: The Human Body in Health and Disease 60. The medical term ____________________ means the abnormal hardening of a gland. ANSWER: adenosclerosis 61. Hormones are secreted directly into the bloodstream by ____________________ glands. ANSWER: endocrine 62. The term ____________________ means toward the lower part of the body. ANSWER: caudal 63. ____________________ is a group of hereditary bleeding disorders in which a blood-clotting factor is missing. ANSWER: Hemophilia 64. The term ____________________ means located behind the peritoneum. ANSWER: retroperitoneal 65. The incomplete development of an organ due to a deficiency in the number of cells is known as ____________________. ANSWER: hypoplasia 66. A/An ____________________ is the genetic structure located within the nucleus of each cell. ANSWER: chromosome 67. ____________________ transmission is the spread of certain disease due to the bite of an insect or animal. ANSWER: Vector-borne Vector borne 68. The medical term ____________________ means inflammation of the peritoneum. ANSWER: peritonitis 69. ____________________ is a general increase in the bulk of a body part due to an increase in the size, but not in the number, of cells. ANSWER: Hypertrophy 70. A/An ____________________ disorder produces symptoms for which no physiological or anatomical cause can be identified. ANSWER: functional 71. The term ____________________ means relating to the groin. ANSWER: inguinal 72. The ____________________ holds the organs in place within the abdominal cavity. ANSWER: peritoneum 73. The term ____________________ describes the enlargement of an organ or tissue because of an abnormal increase in the number of cells in the tissues. ANSWER: hyperplasia 74. A/An ____________________ plane divides the entire body into upper and lower portions. Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 6 Name: Class: Date: Chapter 02: The Human Body in Health and Disease ANSWER: transverse 75. The ____________________ region is located above the stomach. ANSWER: epigastric Multiple Choice 76. _____ tissue has the specialized ability to contract and relax. a. Adipose b. Nerve c. Muscle d. Loose connective ANSWER: c 77. The term _____ describes the congenital absence of a normal body opening. a. adenitis b. atresia c. adenosis d. genetic mutation ANSWER: b 78. This condition is a genetic disorder that causes nerve degeneration with symptoms that most often appear in midlife. a. cystic fibrosis b. hemophilia c. muscular dystrophy d. Huntington’s disease ANSWER: d 79. A _____ specializes in the study of microscopic structure of tissues. a. histologist b. geneticist c. cytologist d. pathologist ANSWER: a 80. A physician who specializes in the general medical care of hospitalized patients is known as a/an _____. a. general practitioner b. pediatrician c. internist d. hospitalist ANSWER: d 81. This type of condition is also known as a birth defect. a. organic disorder Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 7 Name: Class: Date: Chapter 02: The Human Body in Health and Disease b. developmental disorder c. genetics d. Down syndrome ANSWER: b 82. Diseases such as the flu are spread through contact with contaminated respiratory droplets in _____ transmission. a. indirect contact b. food-borne c. airborne d. droplet ANSWER: d 83. The study of the anatomy, physiology, pathology, and chemistry of the cell is known as _____. a. cytology b. pathology c. genome d. nucleus ANSWER: a 84. The area of the abdomen around the belly button is known as the _____ region. a. right lumbar b. left lumbar c. right iliac d. umbilical ANSWER: d 85. The _____ is the outer layer of the peritoneum that lines the interior of the abdominal wall. a. visceral peritoneum b. parietal peritoneum c. mesentery d. left iliac region ANSWER: b 86. A _____ is the basic structural and functional unit of the body. a. cell b. cell membrane c. gene d. tissue ANSWER: a 87. These types of cells are found among differentiated cells in a tissue or organ. a. embryonic stem cells b. endothelium c. adult stem cells Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 8 Name: Class: Date: Chapter 02: The Human Body in Health and Disease d. epithelium ANSWER: c 88. Tissues that form glands and a protective covering for all body surfaces are called _____ tissues. a. connective b. epithelial c. dense connective d. liquid connective ANSWER: b 89. When a _____ is inherited from either parent, the offspring will inherit the genetic characteristic. a. recessive gene b. DNA c. dominant gene d. pathogen ANSWER: c 90. The _____ cavity contains the body organs that sustain homeostasis. a. ventral b. spinal c. cranial d. dorsal ANSWER: a 91. This plane is also known as the coronal plane. a. horizontal plane b. sagittal plane c. frontal plane d. vertical plane ANSWER: c 92. A/an _____ is a somewhat independent part of the body that performs a specific function. a. organ b. gland c. autopsy d. body cavity ANSWER: a 93. _____ means uppermost, above, or toward the head. a. Inferior b. Lateral c. Medial d. Superior ANSWER: d Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 9 Name: Class: Date: Chapter 02: The Human Body in Health and Disease 94. A specialist in the study of outbreaks of disease within a population group is known as a/an _____. a. cytologist b. epidemiologist c. pathologist d. hospitalist ANSWER: b 95. The _____ position describes a body standing in the standard position. a. ventral b. right hypochondriac c. anatomic d. transverse ANSWER: c 96. This cavity is also known as the chest cavity. a. abdominal b. thoracic c. pelvic d. cranial ANSWER: b 97. _____ is a genetic variation associated with characteristic facial appearance, learning disabilities, and physical abnormalities such as heart valve disease. a. Hemophilia b. Phenylketonuria c. Cystic fibrosis d. Down syndrome ANSWER: d 98. Specialized epithelial tissue that lines blood and lymph vessels is known as _____. a. endothelium b. epithelium c. loose connective tissue d. dense connective tissue ANSWER: a 99. The medical term for abnormal hardening of a gland is _____. a. adenosclerosis b. adenosis c. adenomalacia d. adenoma ANSWER: a Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 10 Name: Class: Date: Chapter 02: The Human Body in Health and Disease 100. This type of disease is also known as a contagious disease. a. airborne transmission b. communicable disease c. vector-borne transmission d. epidemic ANSWER: b Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. 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