Test Bank For Interpersonal Communication, 4th Edition

Student name:__________ TRUE/FALSE – Write ‘T’ if the statement is true and ‘F’ if the statement is false. 1) Culture consists of the shared symbols, language, values, and norms that distinguish one group of people from another. ⊚ ⊚ 2) true false English is the most commonly spoken language in the world. ⊚ ⊚ true false 3) People from different cultures sometimes experience difficulty in understanding one another because they think differently. ⊚ ⊚ 4) “I gotta be me” is a common motto in collectivistic cultures. ⊚ ⊚ 5) true false true false In a low-context culture, people are expected to be direct and say what they mean. ⊚ ⊚ true false 6) In a low-power-distance culture, people are expected to choose friends or mates from within their own social class. ⊚ ⊚ 7) true false The use of idioms is primarily a North American behavior. Version 1 1 ⊚ ⊚ 8) Biological sex is genetically determined whereas gender roles are socially constructed. ⊚ ⊚ 9) true false Transsexual individuals are always born with one or more chromosomal abnormality. ⊚ ⊚ 10) true false true false On average, men express more opinions than women do. ⊚ ⊚ true false 11) Research suggests that women are more likely than men to use self-references, such as “me” and “I”. ⊚ ⊚ true false 12) Men are more likely than women to initiate touch with other adults, but women are more likely than men to initiate touch with children. ⊚ ⊚ true false 13) Most research has shown that femininity is positively related to affectionate communication, whereas masculinity is negatively related to it. ⊚ ⊚ Version 1 true false 2 MULTIPLE CHOICE – Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 14) According to the textbook, which of the following is NOT considered one of the defining elements of culture? A) B) C) D) values symbols language ethnicity 15) The process by which cultural traditions are passed from one generation to the next is known as what? A) B) C) D) enculturation cultural adaption cultural transmission acculturation 16) Which concept of culture includes judgments about how good, desirable, or beautiful something is? A) B) C) D) symbols values norms language 17) A group of students who attend the same high school and all belong to the school’s computer club would be an example of what? Version 1 3 A) B) C) D) 18) cultural norming enculturation a co-culture cultural adaptation Which of the following is true in highly collectivistic cultures? A) People are expected to look out for themselves. B) People take an indirect approach to handling conflict. C) Children are taught that they are special and unique. D) Individual achievement is more important than group harmony. 19) In a low-context culture, people are taught to A) B) C) D) 20) speak in an ambiguous manner. avoid offending people. criticize others only in private. share personal opinions. Which of the following statements is not true about high-context cultures? A) B) C) D) Maintaining harmony is important. Offering personal opinions is valued. Offenses are to be avoided. Environmental cues are important for understanding messages. 21) The idea that “all people are created equal” would be characteristic of which type of culture? Version 1 4 A) B) C) D) high-power-distance culture high-context culture low-power-distance culture low-context culture 22) Which of the following statements most accurately reflects the attitude of someone from a low-power-distance culture? A) It is necessary to look for the deeper meaning in someone else’s statements. B) It is unacceptable to question a boss, especially in front of co-workers. C) It is acceptable to engage in aggressive behavior to achieve personal success. D) It is someone’s individual right to question authority. 23) Which of the following statements is not true regarding feminine cultures? A) B) C) D) 24) Feminine cultures value nurturance. Feminine cultures emphasize achievement. Feminine cultures value quality of life. Feminine cultures do not strongly differentiate between male and female roles. Idioms and gestures are examples of A) B) C) D) communication codes. cultural truisms. cultural speech development. communication power-distance. 25) A verbal phrase whose meaning is purely figurative, such as “shake a leg” or “kick the bucket,” is called what? Version 1 5 A) B) C) D) oxymoron idiom pun idiosyncrasy 26) Which of the following would be considered very specific communication codes, such as those used by doctors and dentists? A) B) C) D) 27) idiomatic expressions specialized codes jargon clichés Which gender role combines aspects of masculinity and femininity? A) B) C) D) bisexuality Turner’s Syndrome androgyny asexuality 28) Instead of identifying as male or female, Lou identifies with all genders. The gender option on Facebook that most accurately describes Lou is A) B) C) D) 29) neutrois gender fluid two-spirit pangender Which sexual orientation refers to a lack of interest in sexual relationships? Version 1 6 A) B) C) D) asexuality heterosexuality celibacy bisexuality 30) Some researchers believe women and men grow up in different speech communities. According to that idea, men are taught to do ________ and women are taught to do ________. A) B) C) D) 31) Which of the following is true regarding sex differences in verbal communication? A) B) C) D) 32) intimate talk; expressive talk instrumental talk; expressive talk social talk; personal talk expressive talk; intimate talk Women and men are equally talkative. Women interrupt more than men do. Men use more disclaimers and hedges than women do. Women ask fewer questions than men do. Which of the following linguistic patterns is associated with powerful speech? A) B) C) D) disclaimers hedges offering opinions asking questions 33) According to the distinctions between men and women’s linguistic styles, men are more likely to Version 1 7 A) B) C) D) 34) Among adults, which of the following is true about touch behavior? A) B) C) D) 35) Among children, same-sex touching is more common than other-sex touching. Women are more likely than men to initiate touch with children. Boys and girls are equally likely to be touched. All of these statements are true. Which of the following is not an example of an affiliation behavior? A) B) C) D) 37) Women touch men more than men touch women. Other-sex touch is more common than same-sex touch. In same-sex pairs, men touch each other just as much as women do. None of these statements is true. Which of the statements about touching behavior involving children is true? A) B) C) D) 36) use modifiers to reflect the intensity of their statements. talk in shorter phrases. rely on the use of inclusive pronouns such as “we.” withhold opinions. head nods warm vocal tones talking in short phrases each of these is an affiliation behavior With respect to sex differences in emotion, which of the following is true? Version 1 8 A) B) C) D) 38) Women are less likely to express positive emotions than men are. Men are more likely to express sadness and depression than women are. Women and men report experiencing the same amount of emotion. Men and women do not differ from each other in how they express jealousy. Studies of affectionate communication have shown that A) B) C) D) highly feminine individuals are likely to express affection. highly masculine individuals are likely to express affection. both highly masculine and feminine individuals are likely to express affection. none of these statements is true. SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question. 39) Explain the concept of co-cultures, using examples of co-cultures with which you identify. 40) Compare and contrast the concepts of high-power-distance and low-power-distance as they relate to cultures. 41) Identify and briefly define each of the four sexual orientations articulated in your text. Version 1 9 42) Using concrete examples, define and discuss the concepts of instrumental talk and expressive talk. 43) Your text offered three possible reasons why women may be more affectionate than men. Identify and explain two of those reasons. ESSAY. Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper. 44) Assume that you’ve just met someone whose cultural background is very different from your own. What cues would you pay the most attention to when forming an evaluation of that person? How would you engage in the process of checking or confirming your perceptions? 45) Forming in-groups and out-groups based on cultural cues is a common practice. Make an argument for why that behavior occurs. Next, suggest at least three ways that people could be more flexible when defining these groups. Version 1 10 46) Describe your own culture in terms of whether it is individualistic or collectivistic, highcontext or low-context, and high-power-distance or low-power-distance. Use concrete examples. Next, provide a brief critique of each of those characteristics of your culture. What do you find to be positive about it? Negative about it? 47) Although it can be easy to identify masculine and feminine gender roles, it is often difficult to determine where these roles come from. Identify at least three different sources or influences that you think are important for defining gender roles in American culture. How important are each of those individual sources in defining gender roles? Next, identify three ways that you have seen gender roles change in your lifetime. How influential have the sources you identified been in bringing about those changes? 48) Consider the notion that “masculine” and “feminine” are different cultures. First, explain what is meant by that idea, making reference to the concepts of speech communities and gender clash in your explanation. Next, articulate a reasoned argument in favor of that idea (i.e., why we should consider the genders to be different cultures), and finally, articulate a reasoned argument against it. Version 1 11 49) People in positions of power frequently use words as a form of violence. How and why does that happen? Imagine that you are a friend of someone who has been subjected to linguistic violence. What would you tell that person? Now imagine that a friend of yours uses words as a form of violence. What would you say to this friend? Version 1 12 Answer Key Test name: chapter 2 1) TRUE 2) FALSE 3) TRUE 4) FALSE 5) TRUE 6) FALSE 7) FALSE 8) TRUE 9) FALSE 10) TRUE 11) FALSE 12) TRUE 13) FALSE 14) D 15) A 16) B 17) C 18) B 19) D 20) B 21) C 22) D 23) B 24) A 25) B 26) C Version 1 13 27) C 28) D 29) A 30) B 31) A 32) C 33) B 34) B 35) D 36) C 37) C 38) C 39) Answers will vary 40) Answers will vary 41) Answers will vary 42) Answers will vary 43) Answers will vary 44) Answers will vary 45) Answers will vary 46) Answers will vary 47) Answers will vary 48) Answers will vary 49) Answers will vary Version 1 14