Test Bank for Groups: A Counseling Specialty, 7th Edition

Chapter 2 Group Dynamics Multiple Choice Questions 1. The first site for research on “group dynamics” occurred a. family b. hospital c. work d. laboratory in settings. 2. The “interaction of group members with one another” is often referred to as a. process b. universality c. content d. conflict 3. In regards to group content, “good decision making involves interaction with others in the pursuit of a _________________________”. a. process b. career c. chain d. purpose 4. Members who believe that their environments control them and that they are at the mercy of that environment may benefit in group counseling from the process function called . a. universality b. family reenactment c. installation of hope d. contagion 5. According to Hulse-Killackcy, Schumacher, and Kraus, the “balance” between content and process is . a. inevitable b. ideal c. irrelevant d. impossible 6. “Each element (in productive group dynamics) is affected by whatever happens to any other element” conceptualizes the group as a . a. thread b. strategy c. structure d. system 7. The physical structure of a group is often dependent upon that group’s intended purpose. Which structure below is more likely to be employed as a command structure (e.g., military)? a. “Y “ b. circle c. chain d. wheel 8. Yalom’s curative factors within a group often affect the interactions of members and the group as a whole in complex ways. As members accept responsibility for their own lives, Yalom would assert that is the curative factor. a. catharsis b. altruism c. interpersonal learning . 9. d. existential factor Glass and Benshoffs PARS model, to conceptualize “processing” in group work, is an acronym where “A” stands for . a. acrimony b. assimilation c. activity d. appreciation 10. A social attitudes, and feelings. a. role b. influence c. dynamic d. circle emerges in a group that manifests itself by altering actions, 11. Group a. process b. content c. work d. action 12. refers to both the physical setup of a group as well as the interaction of each group member in relation to the group as a whole. a. Group alliance b. Group structure c. Group content d. Group harmony 13. behaviors make up more than 50% of interaction and are perceived as more honest and less subject to manipulation. a. Nonverbal b. Covert c. Verbal d. Grandiose 14. A sociogram can be used as a tool of ________________ to plot out group interactions. a. socioplot b. sociometry c. verbal behavior d. sociochart 15. The “Law of ” states that the time a group spends discussing any issue is in inverse proportion to the consequences of the issue. a. personality b. individuality c. triviality d. verbosity 16. Which one of the following is not a type of role in a group setting? a. Facilitative/building role b. individualizing c. maintenance d. blocking 17. refers to the phenomenon in which group members are given roles within the group that they do not want or are uncomfortable exercising a. Narcissism b. Role Incompatibility involves the actual words, ideas, and information exchanged within a group. c. d. 18. Role refusal Psychic numbing ___________________ is experiencing and expressing feelings. a. Emotion b. Release c. Catharsis d. Catatonic Short Answer Questions 1. The refers to changes in behavior as a result of observation and manipulation of conditions in an environment. 2. Group 3. Looking at a group as an organism and acknowledging “the group is greater than the sum of its parts” is using to explain the group. 4. The first factor that must be addressed in the preplanning stage is labeled what the group is meant to do. 5. 6. is the interaction of group members with one another. or groups are composed of persons with dissimilar backgrounds. In a _____________________ activity, members may line up in rank of how they feel about a topic and then get a chance to compare where they stand in regard to other group members. Essay Questions 1. Discuss both positive and negative group variables in therapy groups. Include specific examples and describe their impact on group dynamics. 2. Draw the “Process First, Content After” Model presented by Hulse-Killacky, Schumacher, and Kraus at the 1994 American Counseling Association Conference. Describe each element (e.g., lines) of this model. What does it attempt to explain? 3. Describe the development of group dynamics as a system. Include the three “crucial parts” identified by Dongian and Malnati (1997) 4. Identify five benefits of completing activities/exercises in group counseling. 5. Discuss two activities that may help a group gain insight into its functioning Chapter 2 Answer Key Multiple Choice Questions 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. c. a. d. c. b. d. work process purpose installation of hope ideal system 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. c. d. c. b. b. b. a. b. c. b. b. c. chain existential factor activity influence content group structure nonverbal sociometry triviality individualizing role incompatibility catharsis Short Answers 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Hawthorne Effect Process Systems theory Clarity of purpose Heterogeneous Nonverbal Interpersonal Essay Questions 1. Discuss both positive and negative group variables in therapy groups. Include specific examples and describe their impact on group dynamics. Positive variables: • Installation of hope (assurance that treatment will work) • Universality (sharing experiences) • Imparting of information (instruction regarding mental health and coping skills) • Altruism (working for the common good) • Corrective recapitulation of the primary family group (reliving and resolving familial conflicts) • Development of socializing techniques (basic social skills) • Imitative behavior (modeling positive behaviors of other members) • Cohesiveness (healthy therapeutic relationships among members and leader) • Catharsis (experiencing and expressing feelings in group) • Existential factors (accepting responsibility for one’s life) Negative variables: • Avoiding conflict (group focuses only on positives by silencing negatives) • Narcissistic group (group finds cohesion by creating an outside enemy) • Psychic numbing (members abdicate responsibility for the group, become dependent on leader) 2. Draw the “Process First, Content After” Model presented by Hulse-Killacky, Schumacher, and Kraus at the 1994 American Counseling Association Conference. Describe each element (e.g., lines) of this model. What does it attempt to explain? • See page 31 in the text for drawing • The drawing attempts to explain how a group can be out of balance when process and content are not connected 3. Describe the development of group dynamics as a system. Include the three “crucial parts” identified by Dongian and Malnati (1997) • Three “crucial parts” are leader, members, and group as a whole • The group is a system in which is part is affected by the other parts • Leader must tend to group dynamics in order to help the group function as a whole 4. Identify five benefits of completing activities/exercises in group counseling. • Generate discussion • Focus on specific issue • Shift focus • Promote experiential learning • Increase comfort level 5. Discuss two activities that may help a group gain insight into its functioning. • Videotaping (group watches itself) • Journaling (group members write about the group immediately following sessions) • Outdoor experiences (encourage total participation) • Simulation games (task-focused process awareness) • Sociometrics (game-based activity combined with debriefing, discussion, and reflection) Chapter 2 – Building on a Tradition of Excellence 1. A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.D 6.A 7.C 8.C 9.A 10.D 11.B 12.C 13.D 14.A 15.B 16.C 17.A