Test Bank for Comprehensive Multicultural Education: Theory and Practice, 9th Edition

Chapter 2 Test: Culture, Race, and the Contexts for Multicultural Teaching Instructions: For the multiple-choice questions write the one best answer in the blank. 1. The concept of culture does NOT include A. B. C. D. E. 2. Concrete artifacts, such as manufactured goods and architecture. Language and nonverbal communication styles. Customs and values. Genetic or biological attributes shared by members of a society. Prejudices and stereotypes. An ethnic group is A. Associated with racial and/or cultural characteristics that set the group apart within a larger society. B. Not related to geographic location. C. An attribute of minorities but not the majority group in a society. D. Usually low income and poorly educated. 3. The Navajo way is similar to mainstream culture in that in traditional Navajo culture A. B. C. D. E. The exactness of time is of high importance. Quick action is valued more than patience. Material wealth is to be collected and saved. There is a constant search for new ways to control and master nature. None of the above. An ethnic group is a minority group when A. B. C. D. E. It is less than 50 percent of the total population. It experiences discrimination by the dominant group. Membership in the group is determined in adulthood. The group takes on the mainstream identity. Intermarriage outside the group is most common. Race and culture are similar in that A. B. C. D. Both determine a person’s behavior. There is great human diversity within racial groups and cultural groups. There are pure races and pure cultures. People who identify with a certain race are similar in education, social class, and religion. Cultural assimilation is evident when 4. 5. 6. A. People who identify with an ethnic group give up their original culture and are absorbed into the predominant core culture. B. Public schools in the United States affirm the cultural knowledge of European immigrant youth. C. Amish farms prosper without using many of the modern conveniences of urban areas D. School children have access to home and school culture. 7. Cultural pluralism is evident in all of the following EXCEPT? A. Immigrants are permitted to retain their culture provided that social harmony and survival of society as a whole is not threatened. B. Federal legislation permits separate facilities for ethnic groups as long as they are equal. C. Religious groups such as Orthodox Jews are free to worship as they choose. D. American Indians who maintain cultural traditions often serve heroically in the U.S. armed services. 8. Edward T. Hall envisions a continuum of sociocultural tightness to distinguish between high and low context cultures. Which of the following is NOT typical of a high context culture? A. B. C. D. 9. Polychromic time. Less stringent social role expectations and unpredictable behavior. Group needs are a higher priority than individual needs. Personalized law and authority wherein oral agreements are binding Which of the following is typical of a low context culture? A. B. C. D. E. 10. “Shorthand speech” patterns and reliance on nonverbal cues Reasoning based on intuition, spiral logic, and contemplation. Clear status distinctions based on age, rank, and position. Less openness to strangers, despite warm hospitality toward foreigners who are guests. The individual is more important than the group. According to Longstreet, which of the following is NOT true about ethnicity? A. It refers to culture learned prior to the child’s ability to think abstractly. B. It refers to verbal and nonverbal communication, time and space orientations, social values, and learning styles. C. It may come in conflict with scholastic ethnicity, the culture of the school. D. It is determined by racial identity. 11. Worldview does NOT include A. The similar way a culture group perceives reality. B. Shared values and assumptions. C. Stereotypes and ethnocentric interpretations of evidence. D. The idiosyncratic views of individuals in a cultural group. E. Religious beliefs. 12. The predominant worldview in the United States does emphasizes all of the following EXCEPT: A. B. C. D. E. Harmony with nature and the importance of reflection before action. “Rugged individualism” and emphasis on personal energy and initiative. Pragmatism, technological superiority, and efficiency. Concern about human welfare. The importance of freedom and democracy. 13. All of the following statements about ethnic groups in the United States are true EXCEPT: A. Over 20 percent of our school children are from refugee or immigrant families or are themselves immigrants or refugees. B. The U.S. Census Bureau divides our population into five “races” and has added a new “multiracial” category. C. The U.S. Census Bureau defines Asians as a racial group, but not Hispanics who can be “of any racial group.” D. Whites, excluding Latinos, are now about 65 percent of our population. 14. All of the following statements about ethnic identity, or ethnicity, are true EXCEPT: A. People in the same ethnic group are alike in the degree to which they identify with or feel connected with their racial or cultural group. B. Language spoken at home, ethnic composition of the neighborhood, and ethnic mix of friends all influence one’s sense of ethnic identity. C. Some Anglo-European Americans maintain “symbolic ethnicity” or a strong sense of loyalty to their ethnic group even though their family has lived in the United States for generations. D. Ethnicity is not an important aspect of identity for some Anglo-European Americans who see themselves as “just” American. 15. The comparison of the United States to a melting pot A. Is an accurate metaphor that captures the assimilation of immigrants from all over the world. B. Ignores the fact that people of color were excluded from many of the rights of citizenship. C. Is a common phrase that describes cultural pluralism in the United States. D. Is at the heart of multiculturalism. 16. Differing orientation modes can be a source of cultural conflict in the typical mainstream classroom, as seen in all of the following EXCEPT A. The school’s emphasis on promptness and strict class schedules. B. Formal versus very informal classroom arrangements. C. Personal space preferences. D. Many activities going on at the same time with no set time-line. 17. Mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F). Nonverbal communication can be a source of cultural conflict in the typical mainstream classroom because A. B. Much of human communication is nonverbal. It involves body movement, facial expressions, and gestures that are unconscious. C. We often misunderstand culturally different gestures and special preferences. D. Cross cultural understanding requires verbal communication. 18. It is important for teachers to understand human diversity as it relates to culture because A. Knowledge about cultural differences prevents stereotyping. B. It makes teachers more likely to include appropriate learning opportunities for students whose cultural preferences differ from their own. C. Academic success for all students in ensured. D. Understanding facilitates assimilation into the mainstream and academic success. 19. Racialized ethnicity explains why some immigrant youth of color develop stronger racial identities after they come to the U.S. It is the result of all of the following EXCEPT: A. Discrimination and non-acceptance by their non-minority peers. B. Increased societal fears of terrorism since 9/11 C. Rising hate crimes based on race and/or national origin. D. Classroom discussions of prejudice and racism. E. Two of the above. 20. Which of the following does NOT apply to Banks’ theory of the stages of ethnic identity? A. Shared communication patterns, orientation modes, social values, and intellectual modes. B. Psychological captivity, encapsulation, identity clarification, bi-ethnicity, multi-ethnicity, and globalism. C. Important socio-psychological differences among people who identify with the same ethnic group. D. Changes in stage of ethnic identity some people experience over time. 21. Bank’s typology of ethnic identity includes the view that A. Those in psychological captivity internalize the negative mainstream or popular beliefs about their ethnic group. B. People may attempt to hide their ethnic identity by adopting (multiple) personalities. C. Ethnocentric isolationist groups, like the KKK or Nation of Islam, are bicultural. D. Anglo Americans are more likely than African Americans or Latinos to raise their children to be bi-ethnic. 22. Theories of ethnic identity do NOT assert that A. B. C. D. 23. All people have an ethnic heritage. Individuals may or may not be aware of their ethnicity. People identify with their ethnicity at different levels. Ethnic identity is becoming less important for most U.S. American students. Theories of ethnic identity argue all of the following EXCEPT A. A person’s sense of ethnic identity often develops in response to discrimination or some form of oppression. B. A person’s sense of ethnic identity may be strong even if it is primarily symbolic. C. People differ in their sense of belonging to their ethnic group. D. A person’s sense of ethnic identity becomes weaker over the life span. Answers to Chapter 2 Test Questions: 1. D 2. A 3. E 4. B 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. B 9. E 10. D 11. D 12. A 13. D 14. A 15. B 16. D 17. A. T B. T C. T D. F 18. B 19. D 20. A 21. A 22. D 23. D