Test Bank for Business Statistics, 3rd Edition

Business Statistics (Donnelly) Chapter 2 Displaying Descriptive Statistics 1) A frequency distribution is a table that shows the number of data observations that fall into specific intervals. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution Objective: 2.2.1 2) Continuous data are values based on observations that can be counted and are typically represented by whole numbers. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Keywords: discrete data Objective: 2.2.1 3) Continuous data is often the result of measuring observations rather than counting them. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Keywords: continuous data Objective: 2.2.1 4) Discrete data can have an infinite number of values within a specific interval. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Keywords: discrete data Objective: 2.2.1 5) The only limitation in the number of continuous values within an interval is the level of precision of the measuring instrument. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Keywords: continuous data Objective: 2.2.1 6) The sum of the relative frequencies for the relative frequency distribution should be equal to or very close to 1.0 due to rounding. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Keywords: relative frequency distributions Objective: 2.2.1 2-1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-2 Chapter 2 7) The sum of the cumulative relative frequencies for the cumulative relative frequency distribution should be equal to or very close to 1.0 due to rounding. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Keywords: cumulative relative frequency distributions Objective: 2.2.1 8) A symmetrical distribution is one in which the right side of the distribution looks like the mirror image of the left side of the distribution. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Keywords: symmetrical distributions Objective: 2.2.1 9) The goal of constructing a frequency distribution is to identify a useful pattern in the data and often there is more than one acceptable way to accomplish this with grouped quantitative data. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped quantitative data Objective: 2.2.1 10) When creating a frequency distribution with grouped qualitative data and 45 data points, five classes should be set up using the 2k > n rule. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped quantitative data Objective: 2.2.1 11) When constructing a frequency distribution with grouped qualitative data, occasionally you will end up with k + 1 or k — 1 classes to cover the entire data set. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped quantitative data Objective: 2.2.1 12) Fifty employees at CSC Corporation responded to a survey asking for the number of minutes they commute to work in the morning. Eighteen employees indicated that their commutes are 15 to less than 20 minutes. The relative frequency for this class in a frequency distribution would be 0.18. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped quantitative data Objective: 2.2.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-3 13) Fifty employees at CSC Corporation responded to a survey asking for the number of minutes they commute to work in the morning. Management would like to know the proportion of employees whose commute is less than 30 minutes. A cumulative relative frequency distribution using grouped data would provide the information to answer this question. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Keywords: cumulative relative frequency distributions Objective: 2.2.1 14) A fast food restaurant would like to examine the wait time for customers who use the drivethru window. The following class boundaries are appropriate to construct a frequency distribution for this data. Number of Minutes 0-2 2-4 4-6 6-8 Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped quantitative data Objective: 2.2.1 15) Equal-size classes refer to classes for a frequency distribution using grouped quantitative data that do not overlap. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped quantitative data Objective: 2.2.1 16) Empty classes for a frequency distribution using grouped quantitative data result from class widths that are too wide. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped quantitative data Objective: 2.2.1 17) If the class sizes are not equal for a frequency distribution using grouped quantitative data, patterns in the distribution could be misleading. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped quantitative data Objective: 2.2.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-4 Chapter 2 18) Under no circumstances should open-ended classes be used for a frequency distribution using grouped quantitative data. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped quantitative data Objective: 2.2.1 19) The estimated class width for a frequency distribution using grouped quantitative data should be rounded to an integer value to make the class boundaries more readable. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped quantitative data Objective: 2.2.1 20) Histograms displaying continuous data have gaps between their bars. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Keywords: histograms, continuous data Objective: 2.2.2 21) Histograms displaying discrete data usually have gaps between their bars. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Keywords: histograms, continuous data Objective: 2.2.2 22) Income and age are examples of data that are technically discrete but are normally displayed in a continuous format. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Keywords: discrete data, continuous data Objective: 2.2.2 23) The ogive is a line graph that plots the cumulative relative frequency distribution. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Keywords: ogive Objective: 2.2.2 24) Quantitative data are values that are categorical, describing a characteristic such as gender or level of education. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Keywords: qualitative data Objective: 2.3.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-5 25) A histogram is the appropriate type of graph to display both quantitative and qualitative data. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Keywords: qualitative data Objective: 2.3.1 26) Bar charts can display data either horizontally or vertically. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Keywords: bar charts Objective: 2.3.1 27) Clustered bar charts are preferred over stacked bar charts when you are comparing data within categories, such as which team scored more points in 2018 when compared to 2019. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Keywords: clustered bar charts Objective: 2.3.1 28) Clustered bar charts are preferred over stacked bar charts when you are displaying totals in each category, such as what team scored the most points over the two-year period. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Keywords: stacked bar charts Objective: 2.3.1 29) Pareto charts are a specific type of bar chart used in quality control programs by businesses to graphically display the causes of problems. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Keywords: Pareto charts Objective: 2.3.1 30) Pareto charts display the categories in an increasing order with the least problematic categories shown first. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Keywords: Pareto charts Objective: 2.3.1 31) Pie charts are an excellent tool for comparing proportions for qualitative (categorical) data. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Keywords: pie charts Objective: 2.3.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-6 Chapter 2 32) Each category of a pie chart occupies a segment of the pie that represents the cumulative relative frequency of that category. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Keywords: pie charts Objective: 2.3.1 33) When constructing a pie chart, all categories in the data set must be included in the pie. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Keywords: pie charts Objective: 2.3.1 34) Choose a pie chart rather than a bar chart if you want to compare the relative sizes of the classes to one another and together they comprise all possible categories. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Keywords: pie charts Objective: 2.3.1 35) Choose a pie chart rather than a bar chart if you want to highlight the actual data values and when the classes combined don’t form a whole. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Keywords: pie charts Objective: 2.3.1 36) Contingency tables help us identify relationships between two or more variables. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Keywords: contingency tables Objective: 2.4.1 37) The stem and leaf display is a graphical technique that can used to display qualitative data. Answer: FALSE Diff: 1 Keywords: stem and leaf display Objective: 2.5.1 38) A stem and leaf display allows you to observe individual data values while a histogram groups data values together. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Keywords: stem and leaf display Objective: 2.5.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-7 39) The dependent variable on scatter plots is placed on the horizontal axis on the graph. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Keywords: scatter plot, independent variable Objective: 2.6.1 40) The independent variable on scatter plots is placed on the vertical axis on the graph. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Keywords: scatter plot, independent variable Objective: 2.6.1 41) The dependent variable in a scatter plot is influenced by changes in the independent variable. Answer: TRUE Diff: 2 Keywords: scatter plot, independent variable, dependent variable Objective: 2.6.1 42) A data set is known as a times series when each data point is associated with a specific point in time. Answer: TRUE Diff: 1 Keywords: time series Objective: 2.6.1 43) When graphing a time series, the convention is to place the time data on the vertical axis of the graph. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Keywords: time series Objective: 2.6.1 44) A ________ is a table that shows the number of data observations that fall into specific intervals. A) histogram B) frequency distribution C) ogive D) Pareto chart Answer: B Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution Objective: 2.EOC.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-8 Chapter 2 45) ________ data are values based on observations that can be counted and are typically represented by whole numbers. A) Discrete B) Continuous C) Nominal D) Time series Answer: A Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution Objective: 2.2.1 46) ________ are values that can take on any real numbers, including numbers that contain decimal points. This data is often the result of measuring observations rather than counting them. A) Discrete B) Cross-sectional C) Ordinal D) Continuous Answer: D Diff: 1 Keywords: continuous data Objective: 2.2.1 47) A(n) ________ is a category in a frequency distribution. A) line chart B) ogive C) class D) histogram Answer: C Diff: 1 Keywords: class Objective: 2.2.1 48) ________ display the proportion of observations of each class relative to the total number of observations. A) Frequency distributions B) Cumulative relative frequency distributions C) Relative frequency distributions D) Histograms Answer: C Diff: 1 Keywords: relative frequency distributions Objective: 2.2.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-9 49) ________ totals the proportion of observations that are less than or equal to the class at which you are looking. A) Frequency distributions B) Cumulative relative frequency distributions C) Relative frequency distributions D) Histograms Answer: B Diff: 1 Keywords: cumulative relative frequency distributions Objective: 2.2.1 50) A ________ is a graph showing the number of observations in each class of a frequency distribution. A) frequency distribution B) ogive C) relative frequency distribution D) histogram Answer: D Diff: 1 Keywords: histogram Objective: 2.2.2 51) A statistics professor kept attendance records and recorded the number of absent students per class. This data is displayed in the following histogram with the frequency of each number of absent students shown above the bars. How many total classes do these data represent? A) 46 B) 100 C) 129 D) 150 Answer: C Diff: 2 Keywords: histogram Objective: 2.2.2 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-10 Chapter 2 52) A statistics professor kept attendance records and recorded the number of absent students per class. This data is displayed in the following histogram with the frequency of each number of absent students shown above the bars. How many statistics classes had two or fewer students absent? A) 9 B) 40 C) 42 D) 85 Answer: D Diff: 2 Keywords: histogram Objective: 2.2.2 53) The class ________ is the breadth, or range, of numbers we plan to put into each class of a frequency distribution using grouped quantitative data. A) boundary B) frequency C) width D) number Answer: C Diff: 1 Keywords: class width, frequency distribution, grouped data Objective: 2.2.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-11 54) The class ________ represent the minimum and maximum values for each class of a frequency distribution using grouped quantitative data. A) boundaries B) frequencies C) widths D) numbers Answer: A Diff: 1 Keywords: class boundary, frequency distribution, grouped data Objective: 2.2.1 55) Class ________ are the number of observations for each class of a frequency distribution using grouped quantitative data. A) boundaries B) frequencies C) widths D) numbers Answer: B Diff: 1 Keywords: class frequency, frequency distribution, grouped data Objective: 2.2.1 56) Which of the following is not a rule for constructing a frequency distribution using grouped quantitative data? A) Use equal-size classes. B) Use mutually exclusive classes. C) Avoid empty classes. D) Avoid close-ended classes. Answer: D Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped data Objective: 2.2.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-12 Chapter 2 57) Consider the following frequency distribution. Number of Minutes 0 to less than 5 5 to less than 10 8 to less than 13 13 to less than 18 Frequency 6 9 14 2 Which rule for constructing a frequency distribution using grouped quantitative data has been violated? A) Use equal-size classes. B) Use mutually exclusive classes. C) Avoid empty classes. D) No rule has been violated. Answer: B Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped data Objective: 2.2.1 58) Consider the following frequency distribution. Number of Minutes 0 to less than 5 5 to less than 10 10 to less than 15 15 to less than 20 Frequency 3 11 10 7 Which rule for constructing a frequency distribution using grouped quantitative data has been violated? A) Use equal-size classes. B) Use mutually exclusive classes. C) Avoid empty classes. D) No rule has been violated. Answer: D Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped data Objective: 2.2.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-13 59) Consider the following frequency distribution. Number of Customers 0-2 3-5 6-10 11-15 Frequency 10 7 12 5 Which rule for constructing a frequency distribution using grouped quantitative data has been violated? A) Use equal-size classes. B) Use mutually exclusive classes. C) Avoid empty classes. D) No rule has been violated. Answer: A Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped data Objective: 2.2.1 60) A data set has 60 observations with a minimum value equal to 30 and a maximum value equal to 72. The number of classes using the 2k  n rule is A) 5. B) 6. C) 7. D) 8. Answer: B Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped data Objective: 2.2.1 61) A data set has 60 observations with a minimum value equal to 30 and a maximum value equal to 72. The estimated class width using the 2k > n rule to determine the number of classes is A) 7. B) 9. C) 10. D) 12. Answer: A Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped data Objective: 2.2.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-14 Chapter 2 62) ________ classes are classes with boundaries that do not overlap. A) Equal-size B) Open-ended C) Mutually exclusive D) Close-ended Answer: C Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped data Objective: 2.2.1 63) The following frequency distribution displays the daily sales of muffins at Avalon Bakery. Number Sold 1-7 8-14 15-21 20-28 27-35 Frequency 5 8 13 21 3 What is the width of each class in this distribution? A) 1 B) 7 C) 10 D) 35 Answer: B Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped data Objective: 2.EOC.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-15 64) The following frequency distribution displays the daily sales of muffins at Avalon Bakery. Number Sold 1-7 8-14 15-21 20-28 27-35 Frequency 5 8 13 21 3 How many days of data are included in this frequency distribution? A) 25 B) 50 C) 75 D) 100 Answer: B Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped data Objective: 2.2.1 65) The following frequency distribution displays the daily sales of muffins at Avalon Bakery. Number Sold 1-7 8-14 15-21 20-28 27-35 Frequency 5 8 13 21 3 What is the probability that between 15 to 21 muffins will be sold tomorrow? A) 0.26 B) 0.36 C) 0.44 D) 0.50 Answer: A Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped data Objective: 2.2.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-16 Chapter 2 66) The following frequency distribution displays the daily sales of muffins at Avalon Bakery. Number Sold 1-7 8-14 15-21 20-28 27-35 Frequency 5 8 13 21 3 What is the probability that 21 or fewer muffins will be sold tomorrow? A) 0.52 B) 0.66 C) 0.80 D) 0.92 Answer: A Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped data Objective: 2.2.1 67) The following frequency distribution displays the daily sales of muffins at Avalon Bakery. Number Sold 1-7 8-14 15-21 20-28 27-35 Frequency 5 8 13 21 3 What is the probability that between 20 and 35 muffins will be sold tomorrow? A) 0.14 B) 0.48 C) 0.58 D) 0.66 Answer: B Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped data Objective: 2.2.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-17 68) The following distribution shows the frequency of daily revenue for an Italian restaurant in Wilmington, Delaware. Revenue Under $2,000 $2,000 to under $4,000 $4,000 to under $6,000 $6,000 to under $8,000 $8,000 to under $10,000 Over $10,000 Frequency 18 10 26 14 8 4 What is the width of each class for this distribution? A) $10,000 B) $8,000 C) $5,000 D) $2,000 Answer: D Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped data Objective: 2.2.1 69) The following distribution shows the frequency of daily revenue for an Italian restaurant in Wilmington, Delaware. Revenue Under $2,000 $2,000 to under $4,000 $4,000 to under $6,000 $6,000 to under $8,000 $8,000 to under $10,000 Over $10,000 Frequency 18 10 26 14 8 4 How many business days does this frequency distribution represent? A) 100 B) 80 C) 32 D) 18 Answer: B Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped data Objective: 2.2.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-18 Chapter 2 70) The following distribution shows the frequency of daily revenue for an Italian restaurant in Wilmington, Delaware. Revenue Under $2,000 $2,000 to under $4,000 $4,000 to under $6,000 $6,000 to under $8,000 $8,000 to under $10,000 Over $10,000 Frequency 18 10 26 14 8 4 What is the probability that a randomly selected day will generate between $2,000 and under $4,000 in revenue? A) 0.100 B) 0.125 C) 0.325 D) 0.500 Answer: B Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped data Objective: 2.2.1 71) The following distribution shows the frequency of daily revenue for an Italian restaurant in Wilmington, Delaware. Revenue Under $2,000 $2,000 to under $4,000 $4,000 to under $6,000 $6,000 to under $8,000 $8,000 to under $10,000 Over $10,000 Frequency 18 10 26 14 8 4 What is the probability that a randomly selected day will generate under $2,000 in revenue? A) 0.050 B) 0.160 C) 0.225 D) 0.500 Answer: C Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped data Objective: 2.2.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-19 72) The following distribution shows the frequency of daily revenue for an Italian restaurant in Wilmington, Delaware. Revenue Under $2,000 $2,000 to under $4,000 $4,000 to under $6,000 $6,000 to under $8,000 $8,000 to under $10,000 Over $10,000 Frequency 18 10 26 14 8 4 What is the probability that a randomly selected day will generate more than $6,000 in revenue? A) 0.325 B) 0.650 C) 0.775 D) 0.900 Answer: A Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped data Objective: 2.2.1 73) Bins in Excel represent the ______________. A) lower boundary of each class in a frequency distribution B) upper boundary of each class in a frequency distribution C) width of each class in a frequency distribution D) number of classes in a frequency distribution Answer: B Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped data, bins Objective: 2.2.1 74) When you want to represent a cumulative distribution with a graph, a ________ is your best choice. A) frequency distribution B) histogram C) ogive D) relative frequency distribution Answer: C Diff: 1 Keywords: ogive Objective: 2.2.2 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-20 Chapter 2 75) The ________ graphs the midpoint of each class or bin as a line rather than a column. A) bar chart B) histogram C) scatter plot D) ogive Answer: D Diff: 1 Keywords: ogive Objective: 2.2.2 76) The ________ is a line graph that plots the cumulative relative frequency distribution. A) ogive B) histogram C) scatter plot D) pie chart Answer: A Diff: 1 Keywords: ogive Objective: 2.2.2 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-21 77) The following histogram and ogive show the battery life, in hours, for a sample of iPad Air batteries. Based on this graph, which of the following statements is true? A) Approximately 20% of the iPad Air batteries lasted less than 12.9 hours. B) Approximately 100% of the iPad Air batteries lasted 0.9 hours or less. C) Approximately 80% of the iPad Air batteries lasted 12.9 hours or less. D) Approximately 90% of the iPad Air batteries lasted more than 10.9 hours. Answer: C Diff: 2 Keywords: ogive Objective: 2.2.2 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-22 Chapter 2 78) The following ogives show the battery life, in hours, for a sample of iPad Air and 12.9-in iPad Pro batteries. The square markers represent the iPad Air battery life while the diamond markers represent the 12.9-in iPad Pro battery life. Based on this graph, which of the following statements is true? A) The battery life of the 12.9-in iPad Pro tends to be slightly longer than the battery life of the iPad Air. B) The battery life of the 12.9-in iPad Pro tends to be the same as the battery life of the iPad Air. C) The difference in battery life between the iPad Air and 12.9-in iPad Pro cannot be detected with this graph. D) The battery life of the iPad Air tends to be slightly longer than the battery life of the 12.9-in iPad Pro. Answer: D Diff: 2 Keywords: ogive Objective: 2.2.2 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-23 79) The following chart shows the percentage of adults from various countries who admitted to texting while driving in a recent survey. This chart is an example of a _________ bar chart. A) horizontal B) stacked C) clustered D) vertical Answer: D Diff: 1 Keywords: vertical bar charts Objective: 2.3.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-24 Chapter 2 80) The following chart shows the percentage of adults from various countries who admitted to texting while driving in a recent survey. Which of the following statements is not correct? A) The United States has the highest percentage of adults who admitted to texting while driving. B) The United Kingdom has a higher percentage of adults who admit to texting while driving when compared to Germany. C) Spain has the lowest percentage of adults who admitted to texting while driving. D) The United Kingdom has a lower percentage of adults who admit to texting while driving when compared to France. Answer: B Diff: 1 Keywords: vertical bar charts Objective: 2.3.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-25 81) The following chart shows the average movie ticket price according to a survey by the National Association of Theater Owners. This chart is an example of a _________ chart. A) horizontal bar B) vertical bar C) stacked bar D) Pareto Answer: B Diff: 1 Keywords: vertical bar charts Objective: 2.3.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-26 Chapter 2 82) The following chart shows the average movie ticket price according to a survey by the National Association of Theater Owners. Which of the following statements is not correct? A) The average ticket price has decreased over time. B) The lowest average ticket price occurred in 2014. C) The highest average ticket price occurred in 2018. D) The average ticket price in 2018 was higher than the average ticket price in 2016. Answer: A Diff: 1 Keywords: vertical bar charts Objective: 2.3.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-27 83) The following chart shows the average market price for five brands of cars in April 2019. This chart is an example of a __________ bar chart. A) horizontal B) stacked C) clustered D) vertical Answer: A Diff: 1 Keywords: horizontal bar charts Objective: 2.3.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-28 Chapter 2 84) The following chart shows the average market price for five brands of cars in April 2019. Which of the following statements is not correct? A) The Nissan Versa has the lowest average market value. B) The Kia Rio has a lower average market price than the Ford Fiesta. C) The Hyundai Accent has a lower average market price than the Toyota Yaris. D) The Hyundai Accent has a lower average market price than the Nissan Versa. Answer: D Diff: 1 Keywords: horizontal bar charts Objective: 2.3.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-29 85) The following chart shows the average market price for five brands of cars in April 2019. This chart is an example of a ____________ chart. A) stacked bar B) horizontal bar C) Pareto D) vertical bar Answer: B Diff: 1 Keywords: horizontal bar charts Objective: 2.3.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-30 Chapter 2 86) The following chart shows the hours lost in congestion (hours commuters spent in traffic delays) as reported by 2018 Impact Rank at the six most congested cities in the U.S. Which of the following statements is not correct? A) Chicago commuters have the highest number of hours lost in congestion. B) Los Angeles commuters have the lowest number of hours lost in congestion. C) Washington commuters have a higher number of hours lost in congestion when compared to New York commuters. D) Seattle commuters have a lower number of hours lost in congestion when compared to Boston commuters. Answer: A Diff: 1 Keywords: vertical bar charts Objective: 2.EOC.2 87) ________ group several values side by side within the same category in a vertical direction. A) Stacked bar charts B) Clustered bar charts C) Pie charts D) Scatter plots Answer: B Diff: 1 Keywords: clustered bar charts Objective: 2.3.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-31 88) ________ group several values in a single column within the same category in a vertical direction. A) Stacked bar charts B) Clustered bar charts C) Pie charts D) Scatter plots Answer: A Diff: 1 Keywords: stacked bar charts Objective: 2.3.1 89) ________ charts are a specific type of bar chart used in quality control programs by businesses to graphically display the causes of problems. A) Stacked bar B) Clustered bar C) Pie D) Pareto Answer: D Diff: 1 Keywords: Pareto charts Objective: 2.3.1 90) Pareto charts also plot the cumulative relative frequency as a line on the chart. This line is known as a(n) _________. A) scatter plot B) ogive C) histogram D) frequency distribution Answer: B Diff: 1 Keywords: Pareto charts, ogive Objective: 2.3.1 91) Use a ________ chart if you want to compare the relative sizes of the classes in a frequency distribution and together they comprise all possible categories. A) horizontal bar B) vertical bar C) Pareto D) pie Answer: D Diff: 1 Keywords: pie charts Objective: 2.EOC.2 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-32 Chapter 2 92) The following table shows the percentage of emails that are sent each day of the business week according to an Intermedia survey. Day Percentage Monday 15% Tuesday 23% Wednesday 22% Thursday 21% Friday 19% Which of the following best displays this data? A) horizontal bar chart B) vertical bar chart C) pie chart D) histogram Answer: C Diff: 1 Keywords: pie charts Objective: 2.3.1 93) The following table shows the percentage of a country’s energy consumption according to various sources. Source Percentage Petroleum 37% Natural Gas 25% Coal 21% Nuclear 9% All renewable 8% Which of the following best displays this data? A) horizontal bar chart B) vertical bar chart C) pie chart D) histogram Answer: C Diff: 1 Keywords: pie charts Objective: 2.EOC.3 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-33 94) ________ provide a format to display observations that have more than one value associated with them. A) Histograms B) Contingency tables C) Frequency distributions D) Pie charts Answer: B Diff: 1 Keywords: contingency tables Objective: 2.3.1 95) In Excel, contingency tables are known as ______________. A) pivot tables B) bins C) frequency distributions D) bar charts Answer: A Diff: 1 Keywords: contingency tables Objective: 2.4.1 96) A car dealership sells Buicks and Hondas. The following data shows the number of buyers last month according to the brand of car they purchased as well as their age group. Age Under 40 years old 40 years or older Buick 6 19 Honda 17 8 This data is an example of a _______________. A) histogram B) contingency table C) relative frequency distribution D) stem and leaf diagram Answer: B Diff: 1 Keywords: contingency tables Objective: 2.4.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-34 Chapter 2 97) A car dealership sells Buicks and Hondas. The following data shows the number of buyers last month according to the brand of car they purchased as well as their age group. Age Under 40 years old 40 years or older Buick 6 19 Honda 17 8 The percentage of buyers 40 years or older and purchased a Honda is _____. A) 12% B) 16% C) 34% D) 38% Answer: B Diff: 1 Keywords: contingency tables Objective: 2.4.1 98) A car dealership sells Buicks and Hondas. The following data shows the number of buyers last month according to the brand of car they purchased as well as their age group. Age Under 40 years old 40 years or older Buick 6 19 Honda 17 8 The percentage of buyers who are under 40 years old is _____. A) 20% B) 46% C) 50% D) 54% Answer: B Diff: 2 Keywords: contingency tables Objective: 2.4.1 99) A car dealership sells Buicks and Hondas. The following data shows the number of buyers last month according to the brand of car they purchased as well as their age group. Age Under 40 years old 40 years or older Buick 6 19 Honda 17 8 Which one of the following statements is true based on the data? A) There are more Buick buyers than Honda buyers. B) Honda buyers tend to be older than Buick buyers. Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-35 C) There are fewer Buick buyers than Honda buyers. D) Buick buyers tend to be older than Honda buyers. Answer: D Diff: 2 Keywords: contingency tables Objective: 2.4.1 100) A stem and leaf display most resembles a __________. A) histogram B) contingency table C) relative frequency distribution D) pie chart Answer: A Diff: 1 Keywords: stem and leaf display Objective: 2.5.1 101) Consider the following stem and leaf display. 3|11145 4|467 5|00456689 6|1336 Which data value occurs most often? A) 1 B) 5 C) 31 D) 59 Answer: C Diff: 1 Keywords: stem and leaf display Objective: 2.5.1 102) Consider the following stem and leaf display. 3|11145 4|467 5|00456689 6|1336 Which of the following statements is correct? A) There are a total of 10 data values in this data set. B) The data value that occurs most often is 50. Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-36 Chapter 2 C) This largest data value is 59. D) The class 50-59 contains the most values. Answer: D Diff: 1 Keywords: stem and leaf display Objective: 2.5.1 103) Consider the following stem and leaf display. 1(0) | 2 4 4 1(5) | 6 6 7 8 2(0) | 0 0 1 1 1 2 2 2(5) | 5 5 7 8 3(0) | 0 1 3 4 Which data value occurs most often? A) 1 B) 21 C) 22 D) 200 Answer: B Diff: 1 Keywords: stem and leaf display Objective: 2.5.1 104) Consider the following stem and leaf display. 1(0) | 2 4 4 1(5) | 6 6 7 8 2(0) | 0 0 1 1 1 2 2 2(5) | 5 5 7 8 3(0) | 0 1 3 4 Which of the following statements is correct? A) There are a total of 10 data values in this data set. B) The data value that occurs most often is 22. C) This largest data value is 34. D) The class 15-19 contains the most values. Answer: C Diff: 1 Keywords: stem and leaf display Objective: 2.5.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-37 105) ________ provide a picture of the relationship between two variables that are paired together. A) Scatter plots B) Pareto charts C) Histograms D) Pie charts Answer: A Diff: 1 Keywords: scatter plots Objective: 2.6.2 106) A _____ chart is a special type of scatter plot in which the data points in the scatter plot are connected with a line. A) bar B) Pareto C) line D) pie Answer: C Diff: 1 Keywords: scatter plot, line chart Objective: 2.6.2 107) The following graph shows the curb weight of seven cars, in pounds, along with their corresponding highway miles per gallon. 50 45 Miles per Gallon 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 2500 2700 2900 3100 3300 3500 3700 3900 4100 Curb Weight (pounds) Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-38 Chapter 2 This graph is an example of a _________. A) line chart B) scatter plot C) Pareto chart D) histogram Answer: B Diff: 1 Keywords: scatter plots Objective: 2.6.2 108) The following graph shows the curb weight of seven cars, in pounds, along with their corresponding highway miles per gallon. 50 45 Miles per Gallon 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 2500 2700 2900 3100 3300 3500 3700 3900 4100 Curb Weight (pounds) Which one of the following statements is correct? A) Curb weight is the dependent variable in the graph. B) Miles per gallon is the independent variable in the graph. C) As the curb weight increases, the highway miles per gallon tend to decrease. D) As the curb weight increases, the highway miles per gallon tend to increase. Answer: C Diff: 1 Keywords: scatter plots Objective: 2.6.2 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-39 109) The following graph shows the square footage of 10 homes along with their corresponding heating cost for the most recent month. Monthly Heating Cost $500 $450 $400 $350 $300 $250 $200 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 Square Footage This graph is an example of a _____________. A) line chart B) horizontal bar chart C) Pareto chart D) scatter plot Answer: D Diff: 1 Keywords: scatter plots Objective: 2.6.2 110) The following graph shows the square footage of 10 homes along with their corresponding heating cost for the most recent month. $500 Monthly Heating Cost $450 $400 $350 $300 $250 $200 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 Square Footage Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-40 Chapter 2 Which one of the following statements is not correct? A) Monthly heating cost is the dependent variable in the graph. B) Square footage is the independent variable in the graph. C) As the square footage of the home increases, the monthly heating cost tends to increase. D) As the square footage of the home increases, the monthly heating cost tends to decrease. Answer: D Diff: 1 Keywords: scatter plots Objective: 2.6.2 111) The following graph shows the average grade point average for a particular college from 2011 until 2019. This graph is an example of a _________. A) line chart B) vertical bar chart C) Pareto chart D) histogram Answer: A Diff: 1 Keywords: line chart Objective: 2.6.2 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-41 112) The following graph shows the average grade point average for a particular college from 2011 until 2019. Which one of the following statements is correct? A) Average GPA is the dependent variable in the graph. B) Year is the dependent variable in the graph. C) Historically, the Average GPA of the college tends to decrease. D) There appears to be no relationship between Year and Average GPA. Answer: A Diff: 1 Keywords: line chart Objective: 2.6.2 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-42 Chapter 2 113) The following graph shows the average price of LCD TVs from 2009 until 2019. This graph is an example of a ________. A) histogram B) vertical bar chart C) Pareto chart D) line chart Answer: D Diff: 1 Keywords: line chart Objective: 2.6.2 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-43 114) The following graph shows the average price of LCD TVs from 2009 until 2019. Which one of the following statements is correct? A) Year is the dependent variable in the graph. B) Average Price is the independent variable in the graph. C) Historically, the average price of LCD TVs tends to increase. D) Historically, the average price of LCD TVs tends to decrease. Answer: D Diff: 1 Keywords: scatter plots Objective: 2.6.2 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-44 Chapter 2 115) The following data shows the number of students that came to office hours per day for a particular faculty member. 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 3 0 0 1 3 0 0 1 3 0 0 1 3 0 1 2 4 0 1 2 4 Construct a frequency distribution for this data. Answer: Number of Students Frequency 0 18 1 10 2 6 3 4 4 2 Total 40 Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution Objective: 2.2.1 116) The following data shows the number of students that came to office hours per day for a particular faculty member. 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 3 0 0 1 3 0 0 1 3 0 0 1 3 0 1 2 4 0 1 2 4 Construct a relative frequency distribution for this data and determine the probability that one student will come to office hours today. Answer: Relative Number of Students Frequency Frequency 0 18 0.45 1 10 0.25 2 6 0.15 3 4 0.10 4 2 0.05 Total 40 1.00 P(x = 1) = 0.25 Diff: 1 Keywords: relative frequency distributions Objective: 2.2.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-45 117) The following data shows the number of students that came to office hours per day for a particular faculty member. 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 3 0 0 1 3 0 0 1 3 0 0 1 3 0 1 2 4 0 1 2 4 Construct a cumulative relative frequency distribution for this data and determine the probability that fewer than three students will come to office hours today. Answer: Relative Cumulative Frequency Relative Number of Students Frequency Frequency 0 18 0.45 0.45 1 10 0.25 0.70 2 6 0.15 0.85 3 4 0.10 0.95 4 2 0.05 1.00 Total 40 1.00 P(x 20 $840  $600 Estimated Class Width   $48  $50 5 Monthly Rent Frequency $600 to under $650 2 $650 to under $700 5 $700 to under $750 3 $750 to under $800 8 $800 to under $850 2 Total 20 Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped data Objective: 2.2.1 124) The following data show the monthly rental for a random sample of one-bedroom apartments in York, Pennsylvania. $600 $615 $660 $660 $675 $680 $690 $700 $720 $725 $755 $760 $775 $775 $780 $780 $780 $785 $810 $840 Construct a relative frequency distribution for this data and determine the probability a randomly selected one-bedroom apartment will rent between $700 and less than $750 per month. Answer: Set k = 5 because 25 = 32 > 20 $840  $600 Estimated Class Width   $48  $50 5 Monthly Rent Frequency Relative Frequency $600 to under $650 2 0.10 $650 to under $700 5 0.25 $700 to under $750 3 0.15 $750 to under $800 8 0.40 $800 to under $850 2 0.10 Total 20 1.00 P($700 ≤ x 20 $840  $600 Estimated Class Width   $48  $50 5 Cumulative Relative Relative Monthly Rent Frequency Frequency Frequency $600 to under $650 2 0.10 0.10 $650 to under $700 5 0.25 0.35 $700 to under $750 3 0.15 0.50 $750 to under $800 8 0.40 0.90 $800 to under $850 2 0.10 1.00 Total 20 1.00 P(x 20 $840  $600 Estimated Class Width   $48  $50 5 Monthly Rent Frequency $600 to under $650 2 $650 to under $700 5 $700 to under $750 3 $750 to under $800 8 $800 to under $850 2 Total 20 Diff: 1 Keywords: frequency distribution, grouped data Objective: 2.2.2 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-54 Chapter 2 127) The following table shows the number of points scored by the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League over 15 seasons. Green Bay 560 388 442 398 461 390 419 353 435 357 301 408 298 422 424 Use four classes, each with a class width of 100. Start classes with 201-300, 301-400, and so on, and construct an ogive. What conclusions can you draw? Answer: The highest frequency of Green Bay scores per season was between 400 and 500 points Diff: 2 Keywords: ogive Objective: 2.2.2 128) The following table shows the number of points scored by the Green Bay Packers and the Detroit Lions of the National Football League over 15 seasons. Green Bay 560 388 442 398 Detroit 474 362 270 306 461 390 419 353 435 357 301 408 298 422 424 262 270 268 307 346 322 305 306 254 379 296 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-55 Use four classes, each with a class width of 100. Start classes with 201-300, 301-400, and so on, and construct two ogives. What conclusions can you draw comparing these two teams? Answer: Green Bay tended to score more points per season than Detroit during this time span. Diff: 2 Keywords: ogive Objective: 2.2.2 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-56 Chapter 2 129) The following table shows the number of patents that various corporations filed in 2017. Company IBM Samsung Canon Apple Intel Number of Patents in 2017 9,043 5,837 3285 2229 3,023 Construct the type of chart that would be most appropriate if the goal was to compare the number of patents among companies. Answer: Diff: 2 Keywords: bar charts Objective: 2.3.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-57 130) The following table shows the percentage of adults (18- to 34-year-olds) invested in the stock market from a Gallup survey. Year 2011 2013 2015 2017 Percentage 54% 52% 43% 37% Construct the type of chart that would be most appropriate if the goal was to track the percentages over time. Answer: Diff: 2 Keywords: line charts Objective: 2.6.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-58 Chapter 2 131) The following table shows the average number of diners at a restaurant during each day of the week. Day Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Average Number of Diners 73 102 100 79 128 227 99 Construct the type of chart that would be most appropriate if the goal was to compare the number of diners during the week. Answer: Diff: 2 Keywords: bar charts Objective: 2.3.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-59 132) The following table shows customer satisfaction scores for five airlines in 2017 and 2018. Airline JetBlue Southwest Alaska United Frontier 2017 82 80 78 70 66 2018 79 80 79 67 62 Construct the type of chart that would be most appropriate if the goal was to investigate changes in satisfaction scores for each airline between the two years. Answer: Diff: 1 Keywords: clustered bar charts Objective: 2.3.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-60 Chapter 2 133) The following table shows the average roundtrip airfares for flights at Chicago O’Hare, IL and Miami, FL for quarter one of each of three years, according to the Bureau of National Statistics. Year 2016 2017 2018 Chicago O’Hare, IL Miami, FL $338 $329 $314 $314 $341 $319 Construct the type of chart that would be most appropriate if the goal was to compare the average roundtrip airfares at both airports. Answer: Diff: 2 Keywords: clustered bar charts Objective: 2.3.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-61 134) The following table shows the number of complaints recorded at a restaurant over the past several years. Complaint Rude server Feeling rushed Too noisy Poor food Other Frequency 42 25 15 11 7 Construct a Pareto chart to display this data. Answer: 100% 1 0.93 90% 0.82 80% 70% 0.67 60% Relative Frequency 50% 40% 0.42 Cumulative Relative Frequency 30% 20% 10% 0% Rude server Feeling rushed Too noisy Poor food Other Diff: 2 Keywords: Pareto charts Objective: 2.3.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-62 Chapter 2 135) The following table shows the number of complaints recorded at a college from the student body this past school year. Complaint Poor food service Feel like a number Lack of diversity Other Frequency 20 13 9 8 Construct a Pareto chart to display this data. Answer: 100% 1 90% 0.84 80% 70% 0.66 60% Relative Frequency 50% 40% 0.4 Cumulative Relative Frequency 30% 20% 10% 0% Poor food Feel like a service number Lack of diversity Other Diff: 2 Keywords: Pareto charts Objective: 2.3.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-63 136) A survey of 4,080 workers was asked when they expected to retire. The following table shows the frequency distribution of the respondents. Response Before age 60 Age 60-69 Age 70 or older Not retiring Frequency 286 2,203 1,020 571 Construct a chart that best displays this data. Answer: When Do You Expect to Retire? 571 286 Before age 60 Age 60-69 1020 Age 70 or older 2203 Not retiring Diff: 2 Keywords: pie charts Objective: 2.3.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-64 Chapter 2 137) A survey of 2,056 adults was asked how many books they typically read in a year. The following table shows the frequency distribution of the respondents. Response None 1-2 3-5 6-10 11 or more Frequency 288 308 390 392 678 Construct a chart that best displays this data. Answer: Books Read in a Year 288 None 678 308 1-2 3-5 6-10 392 390 11 or more Diff: 2 Keywords: pie charts Objective: 2.3.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-65 138) Costco is a warehouse store that has two types of membership — standard and executive. The following table shows the gender and type of membership of the last 20 customers at a particular store. Membership standard executive standard executive standard executive standard executive standard executive Gender male female female male male male male female male female Membership standard standard standard standard standard executive executive executive executive executive Gender female male female male female female female male female female Construct a contingency table for this data. Answer: Standard Executive Female 4 7 Male 6 3 Diff: 1 Keywords: contingency tables Objective: 2.4.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-66 Chapter 2 139) Chris is a photographer and sells two types of photography for consignment in an art store — landscapes and flower close-ups. She also sells each in three print sizes — 8×10, 11×14, and 13×19 inches. The following table shows the number of prints of each type and size that have recently sold. Type landscape landscape flower flower landscape flower flower flower landscape Size 13×19 11×14 11×14 8×10 13×19 8×10 11×14 13×19 13×19 Type flower landscape landscape flower landscape landscape flower landscape landscape Size 11×14 11×14 8×10 8×10 11×14 13×19 11×14 11×14 13×19 Construct a contingency table for this data. Answer: Landscape Flower 8×10 1 3 11×14 4 4 13×19 5 1 Diff: 1 Keywords: contingency tables Objective: 2.4.1 140) The following data represents the high ambient temperature for a particular city over the past 16 days. 52 69 56 73 56 73 58 74 59 76 60 76 62 77 65 78 Construct a stem and leaf display for this data. Answer: 5|26689 6|0259 7|3346678 Diff: 1 Keywords: stem and leaf display Objective: 2.5.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-67 141) The following data represents the satisfaction scores from customers at a hotel on a 1-100 scale. 77 87 77 89 81 90 81 92 82 92 83 92 83 93 84 93 84 96 87 97 Construct a stem and leaf display for this data, splitting the stems in half. Answer: 7(5) | 7 7 8(0) | 1 1 2 3 3 4 4 8(5) | 7 7 9 9(0) | 0 2 2 2 3 3 9(5) | 6 7 Diff: 1 Keywords: stem and leaf display Objective: 2.2.5 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-68 Chapter 2 142) The following table shows the number of hours that six students studied for their statistics exam and their corresponding exam grades. Hours of Study 3 6 4 4 3 2 Exam Grade 86 95 92 83 78 79 Construct a scatter plot to display this data. What conclusions can be drawn? Answer: 100 Exam Grade 95 90 85 80 75 70 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Hours of Study It appears that the students who studied longer, in general, did better on the exam. Diff: 1 Keywords: scatter plots Objective: 2.2.6 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-69 143) The following table shows the weekly demand for a particular digital camera and the corresponding price of that camera during the week. Weekly Demand 16 19 14 13 11 12 8 Price $300 $310 $320 $330 $340 $350 $360 Construct a scatter plot to display this data. What conclusions can be drawn? Answer: 20 Weekly Demand 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 $290 $300 $310 $320 $330 $340 $350 $360 $370 Price It appears that as the price increases, demand for the camera decreases. Diff: 1 Keywords: scatter plots Objective: 2.2.6 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-70 Chapter 2 144) The following table shows the enrollment at a private grade school from 2012 until 2019. Year 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Enrollment 424 445 459 443 430 435 441 456 Construct a line chart to display this data. Answer: Diff: 1 Keywords: line chart Objective: 2.2.6 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-71 145) The following table shows the percent of car sales that were SUVs at a car dealership from 2013 until 2019. Year 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Percent 27.3 24.2 27.2 26.5 25.9 29.0 32.4 Construct a line chart to display this data. Answer: Diff: 1 Keywords: line chart Objective: 2.2.6 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-72 Chapter 2 146) The following histogram shows the number of students that came to office hours per day for a particular faculty member for the last 40 school days. Which of the following statements is not correct? A) For 18 days, no one came for office hours. B) For 2 days, 4 students came for office hours. C) Ten students came for student hours for one day. D) For most of the days, zero to one student came for office hours. Answer: C Diff: 2 Keywords: histogram Objective: 2.EOC.1 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-73 147) The following bar chart shows the number of patents that various corporations filed in 2017. Which of the following statements is correct? A) Intel filed for approximately 3,000 patents. B) Samsung had the highest number of patents. C) Canon had the lowest number of patents. D) Apple had higher number of patents than Intel. Answer: A Diff: 1 Keywords: bar charts Objective: 2.EOC.2 148) A survey of 4,000 workers was asked when they expected to retire. The following table shows the frequency distribution of the respondents. What chart best displays this data and why? Response Frequency Before age 60 206 Age 60-69 2,203 Age 70 or older 1,020 Not retiring 571 A) A histogram since the data is continuous. B) A pie chart since the data is qualitative. C) A line chart since it is a time-series data. D) A stacked bar chart since we need to group several values in a single column. Answer: B Diff: 2 Keywords: pie charts, qualitative data Objective: 2.EOC.3 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-74 Chapter 2 149) The following table shows customer satisfaction scores for five airlines in 2018. What chart best displays this data and why? Airline 2018 JetBlue 79 Southwest 80 Alaska 79 United 67 Frontier 62 A) A histogram since the data is continuous. B) A line chart since it is a time-series data. C) A bar chart since the data is qualitative. D) A stacked bar chart since we need to group several values in a single column. Answer: C Diff: 2 Keywords: line charts, qualitative data Objective: 2.EOC.3 150) The following graph shows the curb weight of seven cars, in pounds, along with their corresponding highway miles per gallon. 50 Miles per Gallon 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 2500 2700 2900 3100 3300 3500 3700 3900 4100 Curb Weight (pounds) Which one of the following statements is correct? A) As the curb weight increases, the highway miles per gallon tend to decrease. B) As the curb weight decreases, the highway miles per gallon tend to decrease. C) There is no relationship between curb weight and miles per gallon. D) As the curb weight increases, the highway miles per gallon tend to increase. Answer: A Diff: 1 Keywords: scatter plots Objective: 2.EOC.4 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. Displaying Descriptive Statistics 2-75 151) The following line chart shows Disney’s revenue (in billions) from 1998 until 2017. Which one of the following statements is correct? A) Disney’s revenue has been continuously increasing. B) Disney’s revenue has been continuously decreasing. C) Disney’s highest revenue was in 2010. D) Disney’s revenue in 2009 was lower than 2008. Answer: D Diff: 1 Keywords: line chart Objective: 2.EOC.4 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc. 2-76 Chapter 2 152) A sample of 20 first-year students was asked if they live on-campus and if they own a car. The following table shows the responses. Live on Campus Own a Car Live on Campus Own a Car Yes No Yes No No No Yes No Yes Yes Yes No Yes No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No Yes No No Yes Yes No Construct a contingency table for this data. Answer: Live on Campus No Own a Car No Yes Total 2 2 4 Yes 13 3 16 Total 15 5 20 Diff: 1 Keywords: contingency tables Objective: 2.EOC.5 153) A sample of 20 first-year students was asked if they live on-campus and if they own a car. The following contingency table shows the responses. Live on Campus No Own a Car No Yes Total 2 2 4 Yes 13 3 16 Total 15 5 20 Which one of the following statements is correct? A) 75% of students in this sample do not live on-campus. B) 75% of students in this sample do not own a car. C) 65% of students in this sample live on campus and own a car. D) 10% of students in this sample live on campus and do not own a car. Answer: B Diff: 2 Keywords: contingency tables Objective: 2.EOC.5 Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc.