Solution Manual for Mathematics for the Trades: A Guided Approach, 11th Edition

Solutions to Odd-Numbered Problems CHAPTER 1 ARITHMETIC OF WHOLE NUMBERS Preview 1 1. (a) (b) Two hundred fifty thousand, three hundred seventy-four 1,065,008 3. (a) 67 + 58 = 125 (b) 7009 + 1598 = 8607 5. (a) 64  37 448 192 2368 (b) 305  243 915 1220 610 74115 or 74,115 7. (a) 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12 (b) 12 (c) 908  705 4540 63560 640140 or 640,010 12  2  2  3 2 6 2 3 9. 680 – 235 = 455 lb finished weight Exercises 1-1 Reading, Writing, Rounding, and Adding Whole Numbers A. 1. Three hundred fifty-seven 3. Seventeen thousand, ninety-two 5. Two million, thirty-four 7. Seven hundred forty thousand, one hundred six 9. One hundred eighteen million, one hundred eighty thousand, eighteen 11. 3006 13. 11,100 15. 4,040,006 17. 360 19. 4000 21. 230,000 B. 1. 69 3. 80 5. 123 7. 132 9. 806 11. 1390 13. 1009 15. 861 17. 5461 19. 11,428 21. 11,071 23. 25,717 25. 175,728 27. 6095 29. 663,264 Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. 3 4 Mathematics for the Trades, 11e C. 1. 1042 3. 6352 5. 6514 7. 2442 9. 7083 11. 4114 13. 64 15. 55 17. 55 19. 1,166,040 D. 1. 387 913 76 2640 + 845 4861 ft 3. 346 275 84 128 325 98 260 + 120 1636 screws 5. 78 428 143 96 + 384 1129 minutes 7. (a) (b) 875 564 + 558 1997 watts (c) 260 280 + 310 850 watts 13. 520 1160 49 + 1200 2929 ohms (c) 4264 + 3027 7291 points 420 260 875 340 558 564 280 + 310 3607 watts 9. 1205 865 742 + 257 3114 bricks 11. $ 599 309 369 + 280 $ 1557 15. 485 74 251 + 146 756 grams 17. 1400 1800 600 + 100 3900 W 19. (a) (b) 1264 776 + 987 3027 points 1172 1054 915 + 1123 4264 points Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1 Arithmetic of Whole Numbers E. 1. 35,244 + 61,775 97,001 kHz 3. (a) $307,225 5. (a) (b) $732,813 (c) $2,298,502 Total feet of each kind 11,453 ft of #12 BHD 258 ft of #TX 12,715 ft of 410 AAC 8792 ft of 110 ACSR 7425 ft of 6B (b) (d) $7156 Total feet installed at each location 3530 ft at A3 8412 ft at A4 4294 ft at B1 5482 ft at B5 5073 ft at B6 6073 ft at C4 7779 ft at C5 Exercises 1-2 Subtraction of Whole Numbers A. 1. 35 3. 25 5. 33 7. 62 9. 13 11. 12 13. 15 15. 38 17. 46 19. 25 21. 189 23. 281 25. 408 27. 273 29. 574 31. 2809 33. 12,518 35. 4741 37. 47,593 B. 1. 7. $ 486  27 $ 459 3. 5. 3540 ft  1782 1758 ft The 4 drums contain 72 + 45 + 39 + 86 = 242 liters 3 drums contain 97 + 115 + 74 = 286 liters The total volume of the 3 drums is greater by (286 – 242) = 44 liters.  238  64 174 gal 11. 13. 20000 – 6500 13500 ohms or 13,500 ohms 15. 17. 8823 – 8701 122 HCF 9. $ 1206512 – 875977 $ 330535 or $330,535 22,000 – 14,250 7,750 impressions  1350000 850000 500000 Hertz or 500,000 Hertz Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. 5 6 19. Mathematics for the Trades, 11e Hyundai Sonata: $ 28185 5444 8166 + 4716 $ 46511 – 9419 $ 37092 or $37,092 Sonata Hybrid: $ 30935 3953 9101 + 4168 $ 48157 – 9107 $ 39050 or $39,050 Therefore, the Sonata costs less than the Sonata Hybrid by $1958. C. 1. Total mileage of each #1 60,027 – 58,352 = 1675 #2 43,302 – 42,135 = 1167 #3 78,007 – 76,270 = 1737 #4 41,322 – 40,006 = 1316 #5 10,002 – 08,642 = 1360 #6 35,700 – 35,401 = 299 #7 80,101 – 79,002 = 1099 #8 40,122 – 39,987 = 135 #9 11,671 – 10,210 = 1461 #10 73,121 – 71,040 = 2081 Total mileage of all = 12330 or 12,330 3. $ 28245 – 3814 $2 4 4 31 or 24,431 5. (a) Balance A = $2065 (b) 6375  379 = 5996 + 1683 = 7679 + 474 = 8153 + 487 = 8640  2373 = 6267  1990 = 4277  308 = 3969  1090 = 2879  814 = $ 6375 5996 7679 8153 8640 6267 4277 3969 2879 2065 Exercises 1-3 Multiplication of Whole Numbers A. 1. 42 3. 48 5. 63 7. 54 9. 45 11. 296 13. 576 15. 320 17. 290 19. 282 21. 416 23. 792 25. 1404 27. 720 29. 5040 31. 1938 33. 4484 35. 3822 Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1 Arithmetic of Whole Numbers 7 B. 1. 809  9 7281 3. 8043  37 56301 24129 297591 or 297,591 5. 500  50 25000 or 25,000 7. 11. 305  123 915 610 305 37515 or 37,515 13. 807  111 807 807 807 89577 or 89,577 15. 7009 504 28036 350450 3532536 or 3,532,536 17.  316 32 632 948 10112 or 10,112 9. 3706 102 7412 37060 378012 or 378,012 19.   684  45 3420 2736 30780 or 30,780 2008 198 16064 18072 2008 397584 or 397,584  C. 1. $ 5. 50  18 400 50 900 7. 27  2 54  45 270 216 2430 parts 13. 17. 3. 75  40 $ 3000  60 24 240 120 1440 min 500  11 500 500 5500 100  16 1600 900 1600 + 5500 8000 = total envelopes 60  4 240  5 1200 bolts 11. 850  9 7650 cards 1440 16 8640 1440 23040 screws or 23,040 screws 15. 23  5 115 in. (or 9 ft 7 in.) 21. 96  5 480 A 9.  850 25 4250 1700 21250 ohms or 21,250 ohms, No  65  20 1300 ft 19. 170  220 000 340 340 37400 bu or 37,400 bu Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. 8 Mathematics for the Trades, 11e 23. 176  500 000 000 880 88000 mL or 88,000 mL 27. 25. 250 60 000 1500 15000 gal/hr or 15,000 gal/hr   $ 16  40 00 64 $ 640 $  640 52 1280 3200 $ 33280 or $33,280 29. 15000 2 30000 gal or 30,000 gal 800 170 000 5600 800 136000 or 136,000 lb  D. 1. $873  365 = $318,645 $1,000,000 – 318,645 = $681,355 3. (a) 111,111,111 222,222,222 333,333,333 (b) 111,111 222,222 333,333 (c) 1 121 12,321 1,234,321 123,454,321 (d) 42 4422 444,222 44,442,222 4,444,422,222 5. 8 hours/day  5 days/week = 40 hours/week Alpha 117  $ 6  40 = $ 28,080 Beta 67  $17  40 = $ 45,560 Gamma 29  $32  40 = $ 37,120 Delta 37  $49  40 = $ 72,520 Tau 18  $78  40 = $ 56,160 Exercises 1-4 Division of Whole Numbers A. 1. 9 7 63 63 3. 8 4 32 32 5. 6 9 54 54 Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. 7. 14 r2 5 72 5 22 20 2 Chapter 1 Arithmetic of Whole Numbers 9. 17. 10 r1 7 71 7 01 0 1 37 6 222 18 42 42 23 r6 7 167 14 27 21 6 11. 13. 222 r2 9 2000 18 20 18 20 18 2 19. 21. 51 r4 6 310 30 10 6 4 501 7 3507 35 007 7 15. 23. 210 r6 9 1476 14 07 7 06 0 6 604 6 3624 3624 024 24 B. 1. 9. 17. 25. 23 14 322 28 42 42 8 r35 42 371 336 35 119 53 6307 53 100 53 477 477 600 38 22800 228 000 39 24 936 72 216 216 3. 5. 120 61 7320 6120 1220 1220 11. 13. 96 21 2016 189 126 126 19. 21. 102 r98 411 42020 411 920 822 98 27. 29. 9 r1 81 730 729 1 56 r8 16 904 80 104 96 8 200 15 3000 3000 000 17 r123 405 7008 4058 2958 2835 123 C. 1. (a) 1, 2, 3, 6 (b) 6=23 3. (a) 1, 19 (b) prime 5. (a) 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 20, 40 (b) 40 = 2  2  2  5 Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. 7. 15. 23. 22 31 682 622 62 62 305 r5 14 4275 42 075 70 5 108 r4 24 2596 2496 196 192 4 9 10 Mathematics for the Trades, 11e D. 1. 7. 11. 17. 19. 21. 27 in. 9 243 183 63 63 7 in. 18 126 126 48 boxes 10 480 400 80 80 3. 9. 13. 13 hr 85 1105 855 255 255 $ 4696 – 3400 $ 1296 19 12 230 120 110 108 2 19 years, 2 months 250 minutes 200 50000 40000 10000 10000 0 0 4 60 250 240 10 4 hr, 10 min 21 eight-foot lengths 8 168 168 8 8 $72 per hour 18 1296 1266 36 36 27 reams 500 13500 10000 3500 3500 230 months 30 6900 6000 900 900 0 0 27 1  28 joists 16 432 322 112 112 5. 21  $ 22 42 42 $ 462 Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. 15. 6 loops 3 18 Chapter 1 Arithmetic of Whole Numbers E. 1. (a) 4464  48 = 93 (b) 169,722  378 = 449 3. 6587  344 = 19.148… or 20 rivets to be sure 5. 297,600  96 = 3100 min 3100  60 = 51.666… or 51 hr 40 min 7. 42 hours 115 4830 460 230 230 Exercises 1-5 Order of Operations A. 1. 2 + 8  6 = 2 + 48 = 50 3. 40  20  5 = 40  4 = 36 5. 16  3 + 9 = 48 + 9 = 57 7. 48  8  2 = 6  2 = 4 9. (5 + 9)  3 = 14  3 = 42 11. 24  (6  2) = 24  4 = 6 13. 16 + 5  (3 + 6) = 16 + 5  9 = 16 + 45 = 61 15. (23 + 5)  (12  8) = 28  4 = 112 17. 6 + 4  7  3 = 6 + 28  3 = 34  3 = 31 19. 5  8 + 6  6  12  2 = 40 + 1  24 = 41  24 = 17 21. 2  (6 + 4  9) = 2  (6 + 36) = 2  42 = 84 23. (4  3 + 8)  5 = (12 + 8)  5 = 20  5 = 4 25. 8 4+2=4+2=6 27. 18  10  5 = 180  5 = 36 29. 12  7  3  5  3  2 31. 12  (7  3)  12  4  8 33. 36 27   4  9  13 9 3 35. 44  12 56  =7 11  3 8 37. 6  12  4 6  48 54   =6 15  3  2 15  6 9 39. 12  6 24 18  66   4 1  2  4 1  6 1  5 3 6 6 9 Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. 11 12 Mathematics for the Trades, 11e B. 1. 3  $34 + 5  $39 = $102 + $195 = $297 3. 12  $30 – 3  $6 = $360 – $18 = $342 5. Cost 7. 33  $80 + 12  $40 + 45  $18 = $2640 + $480 + $810 = $3930 9. China: 51  5 + 21  3 + 28  1 = 255 + 63 – 28 = 346 points U.S.: 36  5 + 38 3 + 36  1 = 180 + 114 + 36 = 330 points China “won.” 11. = 2  $12  40 + 3  $20  40 + $3240 + $500 = $960 + $2400 + $3240 + $500 = $7100 6 gal 30 180 180 0 8 gal 22 176 176 0 C. 1. 462 + 83  95 = 462 + 7885 = 8347 3. 7482 – 1152  12 = 7482 – 96 = 7386 5. (268 + 527)  159 = 795  159 = 5 7. 612 + 86  9 – 1026  38 = 612 + 774 – 27 = 1359 9. 3579 – 16  (72 + 46) = 3579 – 16  118 = 3579 – 1888 = 1691 11. 864  16  27 = 54  27 = 1458 13. (296 + 18  48)  12 = (296 + 864)  12 = 1160  12 = 13,920 15. (3297 + 1858 – 493)  (48  16 – 694) = 63 Problem Set 1 A. 1. Five hundred ninety-three 3. Forty-five thousand, two hundred six 5. Two million, four hundred three thousand, five hundred sixty 7. Ten thousand twenty Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. 8 gal + 6 gal = 14 gal Chapter 1 Arithmetic of Whole Numbers 9. Twelve billion, six hundred four million, seven hundred thousand, two hundred fifty 11. 230,056 13. 64,700 15. 6,047,920,000 17. 5500 19. 94,700 21. 710,000 13 B. 87 9 96 3. 734 – 85 649 15. 1. + 13. 25. 33. 63 8 55 5. 543 – 348 195 17. – 37 7 259 219 49 49 24 + 69 93 7. 376  4 1504 67  21 67 134 1407 19. 57 42 2394 2104 294 294 27. 456 + 72 528 9. 396 + 538 934 11. 21. 207  63 621 1242 13041 or 13,041 23. 9 160 1440 1440 29. 36  91 3276 = 13  42 546 42  13 126 42 546 36  91 36 324 3276 6  546 3276 3276 35. 120 – 40  8 = 120 – 5 = 115 37. 3  4 – 15  3 = 12 – 5 = 7 39. 308 793 144 1245 41. 256 965 89 42 1352 C. 1. (a) 1, 2, 4, 8, (b) 8=2 2 2 3. (a) 1, 31 (b) prime 5. (a) 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18, 36 (b) 36 = 2  2  3  3 Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. 31. 43 – 28 15 18 73 1314 0734 584 584 5236 44 20944 20944 230384 or 230,384  14 Mathematics for the Trades, 11e D. 1. 6 ft + 8 ft + 20 ft + 9 ft = 43 ft 3. (a) x  40  26  14 ft; y  15  12  27 ft (b) x  54  22  14  18 ft; y  31  19  50 ft 5. 6 35 210 210 210 215 245 217 220 227 115 1449 207 lb average 7 1449 1449 49 49 9. $400 + 12  $110 = $400 + $1320 = $1720 $ 110  12 220 110 $1320 11. 136  107 29 psi, Yes 13. 7. 650 gal per min 60 39000 36000 3000 3000 39000 gal per hour 4 156000 126000 36000 36000 15. 167  17 = 2839 lb 21. 506409 – 460089 46320 or 46,320 in 4 hr 23. 18 – 6 12 17. 3  32 = 24 hours 4 3 Note: 45 min = hr 4 11580 rph 4 46320 193 rpm 60 11580 06080 5580 5400 180 180 12  2 = 6 ft from each wall Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. 19. 380  231 380 11400 760 87780 or 87,780 cu in. Chapter 1 Arithmetic of Whole Numbers 25. 27. 29. 15 $85  36 + $350 = $3060 + $350 = $3410 $3410  $3300 = $110 Cost = $20  $3 + 30  $4 + (87  50)  $5 = 20  $3 + 30  $4 + 37  $5 = $60 + $120 + $185 = $365 (a) For City Driving: 125 mi  25 mi/gal = 5 gal For Highway Driving: 480 mi  32 mi/gal = 15 gal Total = 5 gal + 15 gal = 20 gal (b) 20 gal  $2 per gal = $40 31. 35. 37. 220  13 660 220 2860 calories 33. ES 350 $ 38950 7859 9768 + 5775 $ 62352 – 13839 $ 48513 or $48,513 ES 300h $ 41870 6509 9599 + 5836 $ 63814 – 13726 $ 50088 or $50,088 $ 50088 – 48513 $ 1575 The ES 350 is lower by $1575. 24 bushels 32 768 648 128 128 0 Exposed Walls 1344  6 8064 Btu Glass 220  40 8800 Btu Cold Ceiling 1664  5 8320 Btu Total Heat Loss = 8064 + 8800 + 8320 + 11,648 = 36,832 Btu/hr Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. Cold Floor 1664  7 11648 Btu CHAPTER 2 FRACTIONS Preview 2 1. 3. (a) 7 31 3  4 31  7 4 4 28 23 (b) 7 8  3  7 24  7 31 3    8 8 8 8 (c) 5 4 20   16 4 64 (d) 3 7 7 8 56 1  ,   4 4 4 8 32 (e) 5 10 5  64 32 32 (f) 7 15 45 5 40 7 1   ,  ; 1 is larger 8 8 24 3 24 8 (a) 7 3 10 5    16 16 16 8 (b) 1 (c) 3 1 15 4 11     4 5 20 20 20 (d) 4 1 3 3 19 12 31 15     1 16 4 16 16 16 16 5 64 21 43 11    2 16 16 16 16 16 Exercises 2-1 Working with Fractions A. 1. 17 1 4 4 4 3. 11 3 1 8 8 7. 100 4 2  16  16 6 6 3 9. 80 16 1 2 2 32 32 2 1. 1 7 2  3 3 3. 3 67 8  8 8 7. 2 2 8  3 3 9. 4 7 14  8 16 3. 1 8  8 64 5. 3 1 1 2 2 5. 2 B. 7 23  8 8 5 29  6 6 C. 1. Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. 17 5. 1 5 20 1   4 4 16 18 Mathematics for the Trades, 11e 7. 3 18 36 3   5 5 10 9. 1 40 2 5 1  60 3 3 11. 5 21 42 2   8 8 16 D. 1. 4 1  16 4 3. 6 3  16 8 5. 4 2  10 5 7. 24 4  30 5 9. 4 3 1 4 12 4 11. 42 21  64 32 13. 15 5  36 12 15. 38 19  24 12 E. 1. 3 21 4 20 3  ,  ; is larger 5 35 7 35 5 3. 1 7 3 6 1 1  1 , 1  1 ; 1 is larger 2 14 7 14 2 5. 7 21 5 20 7  ,  ; is larger 8 24, 6 24 8 7. 2 7 28 6 30 6 1   ,  ; is larger 5 5 20 4 20 4 9. 13 26 5 25 13  ,  ; is larger 5 10 2 10 5 11. 3 9 5 10 5  ,  ; is larger 8 24 12 24 12 F. 1. 3. 6 3 15  15 in. 8 4 22 34,320 19 34,580 47 34, 216 25 34,125  ,  ,  ,  7 10, 920 6 10,920 15 10,920 8 10, 920 41 34, 440 19 25 ;  is smallest approximation. is largest approximation; 13 10, 920 6 8 5. 7 28 29 in.  in.; it is not possible to have an inner diameter of in. 8 32 32 7. 15  6  9, 9 3  will remain 15 5 Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 2 Fractions 9. 11. 13. 12 1  fertilizer in final mixture 60 5 3 24 11 22 = = 4 32 16 32 23 Try in. 32 (a) 4 1 or 16 4 (b) 10 5 or 16 8 (c) 15 16 (d) 1 6 3 or 1 16 8 (e) 1 8 1 or 1 16 2 (f) 1 12 3 or 1 16 4 (g) 2 5 16 (h) 2 14 7 or 2 16 8 Exercises 2-2 Multiplication of Fractions A. 1. 1 1 1   2 4 8 7. 2 1 8 5 10  1  9 9 3 12 3 11. 3 1 1 2 9 2 4    3 2 3 2 3 1 1 3. 2 4 1 2   5 6 15 3 5. 8 1 8 2 3  2 9 3 3 3 9. 1 4 5 12 15 5 1   2 8 9 2 2 2 3 13. 1 1 1 1 13 3 13 3 2 1    4 4 6 2 6 2 2 15. 3 3 23 4  15   15  69 5 5 1 17. 2 3 34 37   74 34  2  1 17 17 1 19. 1 6 7 83 7 83 3 11      10 7 8 7 8 8 8 1 21. 1 1 1 1    2 2 2 8 25. 1 1 2 3  22 3 2 1 1 23. 1 1 1 2 2 1    4 3 5 15 2 1 Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc. 19 20 Mathematics for the Trades, 11e B. 1. 1 1 1   2 3 6 1 1 1 3 3 5.  1    2 2 2 2 4 1 1 4 3  1 9. 3 4 1 1 3 21 5 7 13. 6 2 8 8 16 8 3. 1 1 2 3 1   3 4 2 1 2 7. 1 5 5 1 5 21 21  1 2   16 8 10 8 10 16 2 11. 3 7 1 7 6 21 1 1    1 8 5 8 5 20 20 4 15. 1 1 3 2 3 8  2   1 8 3 8 3 1 1 3. 7 5 35 2  11 ft  28  3 3 12 3 13. 13 3 39 3  26   9 in. 8 4 4 4 C. 1. 19 5 29 551 3 38  3  38    137 in. 8 8 4 4 4 5. 1 113 3 339 1 1 28  6  6  169 in., or 14 ft 1 in . 4 4 2 2 2 2 7. 1 1 3 91 14 637   318 mi 22  14   1 2 2 4 4 2 9. 31 1 1 2 93 23 713    356 lb 46  7  2 3 2 2 2 3 1 11. 18× 15. 45  6 1 9 = in. 20 10 3 27 1, 215 3 3  45    303  45  348 min 4 4 4 4 4 Copyright © 2019 Pearson Education, Inc.