Essentials Of Human Diseases And Conditions, 5th Edition Test Bank

Frazier: Essentials of Human Diseases and Conditions, 5th Edition Test Bank Chapter 2: Developmental, Congenital, and Childhood Diseases and Disorders MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Congenital diseases are a. always fatal. b. always genetic. c. always nongenetic. d. none of the above. ANS: D 2. Attempts to halt premature labor include a. having the mother on complete bedrest. b. using drug therapy to slow or halt contractions. c. giving the mother a short course of steroids to aid fetal lung maturation. d. all of the above. ANS: D 3. The collapse of a seemingly healthy young athlete during a strenuous sporting event or other period of stressful exercise is known as a. patent ductus arteriosis. b. hypertropic cardiomyography. c. respiratory distress syndrome. d. none of the above. ANS: B 4. Down’s syndrome, a genetic syndrome, is the result of the child having ______ pairs of chromosomes: a. 45 b. 46 c. 47 d. 48 ANS: C 5. The most common crippler of children is a. spina bifida. b. muscular dystrophy. c. down syndrome. d. cerebral palsy. Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2004, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank: Chapter 2 TB 2-2 ANS: D 6. All females of child-bearing age capable of becoming pregnant are encouraged to take the recommended amount of a. calcium. b. vitamin D. c. folic acid . d. iron. ANS: C 7. Duchenne muscular dystrophy a. is usually the result of trauma. b. is progressive and causes crippling and immobility. c. affects males and females equally. d. is none of the above. ANS: B 8. Hyaline membrane disease refers to a. bronchomalacia. b. infant respiratory distress syndrome. c. retinopathy of prematurity. d. necrotizing enterocolitis. ANS: B 9. The symptoms and signs of anemia include a. pallor, weakness, fatigability, and listlessness. b. an abnormal reduction of red blood cells. c. tachycardia, jaundice, and mental sluggishness. d. all of the above. ANS: D 10. Childhood immunizations are important because a. they are needed to obtain a passport. b. they help prevent colds. c. they prevent epidemics of serious contagious diseases. d. all of the above are true. ANS: C 11. Some warning signs of lead poisoning include a. loss of appetite and vomiting. Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2004, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank: Chapter 2 TB 2-3 b. irritability and ataxic gait. c. both of the above. d. none of the above. ANS: C 12. Which of the following statement(s) is(are) true about asthma? a. The bronchial tubes are hyperactive and hypersensitive. b. Severe attacks require hospitalization. c. It is a leading cause of absenteeism in school children. d. All of the above are true. ANS: D 13. Cerebral palsy is a. a result of damage to the central nervous system (CNS). b. a condition that can be cured with treatment. c. a condition that primarily affects intelligence. d. all of the above. ANS: A 14. Down syndrome is a. a congenital form of mild-to-severe mental retardation. b. associated with distinctive physical abnormalities and heart defects. c. caused by a chromosomal abnormality. d. all of the above. ANS: D 15. The most common cyanotic congenital heart defect that is actually a combination of four defects is called a. ventricular septal defect. b. patent ductus arteriosus. c. tetralogy of Fallot. d. none of the above. ANS: C 16. The diagnostic investigation of a congenital heart defect may include a. physical examination and patient history. b. radiographic studies of the chest and blood tests. c. heart catheterization and electrocardiogram. d. all of the above. ANS: D Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2004, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank: Chapter 2 TB 2-4 17. Congenital hip dysplasia a. causes cleft lip. b. is a nontraumatic deformity of the foot. c. is more common in male infants. d. is an abnormal development of the hip joint. ANS: D 18. The birth defect in which the is a hole in the middle of the roof of the mouth is a. cleft palate. b. cri-du-chat syndrome. c. Robinow’s syndrome. d. meningocele. ANS: A 19. Cryptorchidism is a. a congenital malignant tumor. b. also known as phimosis. c. the failure of the testicle(s) to descend into the scrotum. d. none of the above. ANS: C 20. Symptoms of Wilms’s tumor may include a. nasal regurgitation during feeding. b. hematuria, pain, and hypertension. c. a shortening of the femur. d. projectile vomiting, loss of weight, and skin rash. ANS: B 21. The disease that involves impairment of intestinal motility, which causes obstruction of the distal colon, is called a. Hirschsprung’s disease. b. pyloric stenosis. c. cryptorchidism. d. phimosis. ANS: A 22. Cystic fibrosis (CF), a chronic dysfunction of the exocrine glands, primarily attacks the a. nervous system. b. lungs and digestive system. c. blood vessels. Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2004, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank: Chapter 2 TB 2-5 d. immune system. ANS: B 23. The primary treatment of phenylketonuria includes a. oxygen therapy. b. high–sodium chloride diet. c. a protein-restricted diet. d. surgical intervention. ANS: C 24. The production of copious thick and sticky mucus that accumulates and blocks glandular ducts is characteristic of a. Wilms’s tumor. b. phenylketonuria (PKU). c. pyloric stenosis. d. cystic fibrosis (CF). ANS: D 25. Klinefelter’s syndrome and Turner’s syndrome are examples of a. inherited chromosomal diseases. b. genetic, chromosomal diseases which are not inherited. c. chromosomal diseases that affect females only. d. inherited diseases of no significant consequence. ANS: B 26. Which of the following statements is (are) true about erythroblastosis fetalis? a. Antibodies in the mother’s blood destroy the red blood cells of the fetus. b. It is characterized in the fetus by anemia, jaundice, and enlargement of the liver and spleen. c. Both a and b are true. d. None of the above are true. ANS: C 27. Sudden infant death syndrome is a. most likely to occur in a sick infant. b. not known to have any risk factors. c. the number-one cause of death of infants between age 1 month and 12 months. d. predictable and preventable. ANS: C Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2004, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank: Chapter 2 TB 2-6 28. Which of the following statements is true about lead poisoning? a. The child suffering from acute lead intoxication presents a medical emergency. b. It is hard to detect, since lead is normally present in the blood. c. It is a silent disease, because there are no warning signs or chronic symptoms. d. None of the above are true. ANS: A 29. A systemic disease with superficial cutaneous lesions that begin as red macules that progress to papules then to vesicles that form crusts is a. rubeola. b. rubella. c. chickenpox. d. diphtheria . ANS: C 30. Pregnant women should be isolated from individuals infected with _________ to prevent perinatal infection. a. rubeola b. rubella c. chickenpox d. diphtheria ANS: B . 31. Prompt and complete treatment of acute tonsillitis caused by A Beta-hemolytic streptococci is necessary to prevent a. rheumatic fever. b. rheumatic heart disease. c. kidney complications. d. all of the above. ANS: D 32. Serious side effects of uncontrolled diarrhea in the infant or child include a. intestinal obstruction and rhonchi. b. dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. c. diaper rash and Reye’s syndrome. d. all of the above. ANS: B 33. Which of the following statements is (are) true about leukemia? a. It is the most common childhood malignancy. Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2004, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank: Chapter 2 b. It is a primary malignant disease of bone marrow. c. The diagnosis is confirmed by microscopic examination of the bone marrow. d. All of the above are true. ANS: D 34. Causes of prematurity include a. incompetent cervix, bicornate uterus, and premature rupture of membranes. b. maternal physical conditions including infection and hypertension. c. multiple gestation. d. all of the above. ANS: D 35. Conditions often resulting from premature birth include a. necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), infantile respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS), and retinopathy of prematurity. b. Spina bifida, hydrocephalus, anacephaly. c. muscular dystrophy, cystic fibrosis, and Down’s syndrome. d. all of the above. ANS: A 36. Conjoined twins may be joined a. head to head (cranial). b. posteriorly at the sacrum and coccyx. c. chest to chest. d. at all of the above points. ANS: D 37. The most common childhood malignancy is a. Wilms’s tumor. b. leukemia. c. anemia. d. none of the above. ANS: B 38. Causes of infantile colic may be a. sensitivity to cow’s milk. b. sensitivity to iron. c. excessive swallowing of air during feeding process. d. all of the above. ANS: D Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2004, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. TB 2-7 Test Bank: Chapter 2 TB 2-8 TRUE/FALSE 39. Genetic disorders and syndromes are the result of an abnormal gene taking up residence on one of the 22 pairs of nonsex chromosomes. ANS: T 40. The lungs of the neonate lack the surfactant needed to allow the alveoli to expand. ANS: T 41. A congenital spinal defect in which no herniation of spinal cord or meninges exists is called a myelomeningocele. ANS: F 42. In hydrocephalus a large amount of cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the skull, causing increased intracranial pressure. ANS: T 43. PKU is an inborn error in metabolism of amino acids causing brain damage and mental retardation when not corrected. ANS: T 44. Because anemia is a symptom of various diseases, it is important to determine the cause of the anemia. ANS: T 45. Reye’s syndrome has been linked with the use of aspirin to treat chickenpox and influenza. ANS: T 46. Rh factor incompatibility occurs when the mother through prior pregnancy has become sensitized to the Rh factor of the fetal red blood cells. ANS: T 47. Leukemia is characterized by an abnormal decrease in the number of immature white blood cells. ANS: F Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2004, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Test Bank: Chapter 2 TB 2-9 48. The infant born with fetal alcohol syndrome may experience alcohol withdrawal shortly after birth. ANS: T 49. Closure of patent ductus arteriosus may be achieved by medication or by surgical closure of the ductus. ANS: T 50. Tetanus is an acute, potentially deadly, systemic infection characterized by painful involuntary contraction of skeletal muscles. ANS: T 51. Necrotizing enterocolitis is an acute inflammatory process resulting from ischemic necrosis of the lining of the bronchial tubes. ANS: F 52. Epiglottitis typically strikes children between ages 3 and 7 years. ANS: T 53. Asthma is a leading cause of chronic illness and school absenteeism in children. ANS: T Copyright © 2013, 2009, 2004, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc.